为研究湿式电除尘效率和应用范围的拓展特性，设计了针对铁矿粉尘的表面活性剂协同荷电水雾除尘实验装置，采用表面活性剂增效润湿、水膜捕尘、荷电捕尘理论，探究了风速、电压、喷雾压力和格栅目数对除尘性能的影响.实验中优选复配表面活性剂溶液，选取了0.3%LABSA/0.5%X-100、0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES、0.5%X-100/0.5%AES三种复配溶液进行荷电水雾除尘实验.结果表明：复合电除尘可以在提高处理风量的同时增加除尘效率，风速在0.8m/s以前与除尘效率正相关；复配溶液在水压为6MPa时都达到除尘效率最大，其中以0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES表现最为突出，其除尘效率相较于水提升达到15.36%，不同水压的平均除尘效率提高也达到了11.73%；复合电除尘除尘效率与电压在40kV之前正相关，超过后会发生电晕放电，降低除尘效率；当格栅孔 径大小为40目时除尘效率最大，其中复配溶液0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES达到了96.74%的除尘效率，继续减小孔径反而会减小除尘效率；对粉尘润湿性越强的表面活性剂参与除尘后对除尘效率提升越大.
Abstract
To study the dust removal efficiency and application range expansion of wet electrostatic precipitators, an experimental device was designed for surface-active agent synergistic charged water mist dust removal targeting iron ore dust, using surface-active agent-enhanced wetting, water film capture, and charged capture theories. The effects of wind speed, voltage, spray pressure, and grid number on dust removal performance were investigated. In the experiment, a series of composite surface-active agent solutions were tested, including 0.3% LABSA/0.5% X-100, 0.3% LABSA/0.5% AES, and 0.5% X-100/0.5% AES, for charged water mist dust removal. The results showed that composite electrostatic precipitators could improve dust removal efficiency while increasing treatment air volume. Wind speed was positively correlated with dust removal efficiency below 0.8m/s. The composite solution achieved the highest dust removal efficiency at a water pressure of 6MPa, with 0.3% LABSA/0.5% AES performing the best, increasing dust removal efficiency by 15.36% compared to water, with an average improvement of 11.73% for different water pressures. The dust removal efficiency of the composite electrostatic precipitator was positively correlated with voltage before 40kV, but decreased after due to corona discharge. The grid with a pore size of 40mesh had the highest dust removal efficiency. Among the composite solutions, 0.3% LABSA/0.5% AES achieved a dust removal efficiency of 96.74%, and reducing the pore size further decreased the dust removal efficiency.The stronger the wetting ability of the surface active agent on dust, the greater the improvement in dust removal efficiency when it is involved in the dust removal process.
关键词
表面活性剂 /
复合电除尘 /
金属网栅 /
喷雾
Key words
compound electrostatic precipitation /
metal mesh grid /
spray /
surface active agent
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 2021年环境状况公报[R]. Environmental Condition Report 2021[R].
[2] 王纯,张殿印.除尘工程技术手册[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2016. Wang C, Zhang D Y. Dust removal engineering technical manual[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2016.
[3] 程卫民,周刚,陈连军,等.我国煤矿粉尘防治理论与技术20年研究进展及展望[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2020,48(2):1-20. Cheng W M, Zhou G, Chen L J, et al. Research progress and prospects on dust control theory and technology in Chinese coal mines over the past 20 years[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2020,48(2):1-20.
[4] Teng C, Fan X, Li J. Effect of charged water drop atomization on particle removal performance in plate type wet electrostatic precipitator[J]. Journal of Electrostatics, 2020,104:103426.
[5] Kasparoglu S, Wright T P, Petters M D. Open-hardware design and characterization of an electrostatic aerosol precipitator[J]. HardwareX, 2022,11:e266.
[6] Nikas K S P, Varonos A A, Bergeles G C. Numerical simulation of the flow and the collection mechanisms inside a laboratory scale electrostatic precipitator[J]. Journal of Electrostatics, 2005,63(5):423-443.
[7] 张哲,李彩亭,李珊红.板式电除尘器多物理场耦合数值分析[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2019,42(11):187-192. Zhang Z, Li C T, Li S H. Multi-physical field coupled numerical analysis of plate electrostatic precipitator[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2019,42(11):187-192.
[8] Pu H, Guo J, Qu H, et al. Fine particle transport and deposition characteristics in a spike-plate multi-electrode electrostatic precipitator[J]. Powder Technology, 2022,402:117339.
[9] Dong M, Zhou F, Zhang Y, et al. Numerical study on fine-particle charging and transport behaviour in electrostatic precipitators[J]. Powder Technology, 2018,330:210-218.
[10] 张俪安,刁永发,楚明浩,等.单纤维捕集过程中亚微米颗粒的布朗团聚[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(4):1548-1554. Zhang L A, Diao Y F, Chu M H, et al. Brownian coagulation of submicron particles during single fiber collection process[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(4):1548-1554.
[11] 丁厚成,徐远迪,邓权龙,等.表面活性剂协同作用下湿式过滤除尘实验研究[J]. 过程工程学报, 2022:1-7. Ding H C, Xu Y D, Deng Q L, et al. Experimental study on wet filtration and dust removal under synergistic action of surfactants[J]. Journal of Process Engineering, 2022:1-7.
[12] 滕辰姊,李坚.液滴荷电雾化湿式电除尘器颗粒捕集特性研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(6):2389-2397. Teng C Z, Li J. Study on particle collection characteristics of liquid droplet charged atomization wet electrostatic precipitator[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2020,40(6):2389-2397.
[13] 邓权龙,庄丁丁,丁厚成,等.线板排布对静电除尘性能影响的数值模拟[J]. 环境工程学报, 2022,16(11):3644-3654. Deng Q L, Zhuang D D, Ding H C, et al. Numerical simulation of the influence of wire-plate arrangement on electrostatic dust removal performance. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2022,16(11):3644-3654.
[14] 沈娟.高压水射流喷嘴的设计及其结构优化[D]. 苏州:苏州大学, 2014. Shen J. Design and structural optimization of high-pressure water jet nozzle[D]. Suzhou:Soochow University, 2014.
[15] 蒋仲安,许峰,王亚朋,等.空气雾化喷嘴雾化机理及影响因素实验分析[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2019,50(10):2360-2367. Jiang Z A, Xu F, Wang Y P, et al. Experimental analysis on atomization mechanism and influencing factors of air-assisted atomizing nozzle[J]. Journal of Central South University (Natural Science Edition), 2019,50(10):2360-2367.
[16] 吴亚军.喷雾格栅耦合除尘机理及实验研究[D]. 赣州:江西理工大学, 2021. Wu Y J. Theoretical and Experimental Study on Spray Grid Coupled Dust Removal Mechanism[D]. Ganzhou:Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 2021.
[17] 翁安琦.表面活性剂复配对焦煤润湿性的影响研究[D]. 合肥:安徽理工大学, 2021. Weng A Q. Study on the influence of complex surfactant on the wettability of coking coal[D]. Anhui:Anhui University of Science and Technology, 2021.
[18] 高雨霏.表面活性剂分子结构对粉尘润湿性影响的分子动力学/量子力学研究[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2022. Gao Y F. Molecular dynamics/quantum mechanics study of the influence of surfactant molecular structure on dust wetting performance[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University, 2022
[19] 黄惠香.煤矿复合降尘剂及其吸附降尘性能研究[D]. 北京:中国矿业大学, 2022. Huang H X. Study on composite dust suppressant and its adsorption and dust suppression performance in coal mine[D]. Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology, 2022.
基金
安徽高校自然科学研究项目（KJ2019A0052）；安徽省大学生创新训练项目（S202210360228）
PDF(732 KB)
京公网安备 11010802030352号 
