关中五市不同季节污染颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析

苏佳; 李晓萌; 张新生

PDF(7714 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8) : 4249-4259.

大气污染与控制

关中五市不同季节污染颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析

苏佳, 李晓萌, 张新生

作者信息 +

Analysis of transport path and potential source of polluted particulate matter in five cities of Guanzhong in different seasons

SU Jia, LI Xiao-meng, ZHANG Xin-sheng

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

基于HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型及TrajStat中的PSCF和CWT分析法,利用2020年3月~2023年2月气象数据,对关中五市PM_2.5污染的时间分布特征及主要输送路径进行了分析,并探讨了不同季节影响关中五市PM_2.5质量浓度的潜在源区分布及贡献.结果表明:关中五市PM_2.5、PM₁₀浓度具有显著的季节变化特征,冬季PM_2.5浓度均值最高(84.36μg/m³),夏季最低(21.42μg/m³),月份趋势均呈现“U”型的特点,6~8月浓度达到谷值;5个城市四季均受到来自西北方向的长距离传输气团及陕西局地短距离传输气团的影响,该城市空气质量受陕西省内部短距离传输气团影响大,应与气流遇秦岭山脉阻挡回旋有关;潜在源区季节差异明显,春夏污染物浓度最低,主要贡献源区分布范围最小,冬季最广,WCWT值超过100μg/m³的范围大,西北方向带状分布区域和陕西省南部及与其周围省份交界处对5个城市PM_2.5浓度贡献度较大;大气污染还受地形影响,类属于盆地地形的铜川污染分布与其他四个城市存在差异,污染浓度相对较低.

Abstract

Based on the HYSPLIT backward trajectory model and the PSCF and CWT analysis methods in TrajStat, the temporal distribution characteristics and main transport paths of PM_2.5 pollution in the five cities of Guanzhong were analyzed using the meteorological data from March 2020~February 2023, and the distribution and contribution of potential source areas affecting the PM_2.5 mass concentration in the five cities of Guanzhong in different seasons were discussed. The average PM_2.5 concentration was the highest in winter (84.36μg/m³) and the lowest in summer (21.42μg/m³), and the monthly trend showed a "U" shape, and the concentration reached a trough in June~August. The air quality of the five cities was greatly affected by the short-distance transmission air mass in Shaanxi Province in all seasons, which should be related to the blocking of the maneuver by the Qinling Mountains. The seasonal differences in the potential source areas were obvious, the pollutant concentration was the lowest in spring and summer, the distribution range of the main contributing source area was the smallest, the most extensive in winter, the range of WCWT value exceeding 100μg/m³ was large, and the distribution area in the northwest direction and the southern part of Shaanxi Province and its surrounding provinces contributed more to the PM_2.5 concentration in the five cities. Air pollution is also affected by topography, and the pollution distribution of Tongchuan, which belongs to the basin topography, is different from that of the other four cities, and the pollution concentration is relatively low.

导出引用

苏佳, 李晓萌, 张新生. 关中五市不同季节污染颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析[J]. 中国环境科学. 2024, 44(8): 4249-4259

SU Jia, LI Xiao-meng, ZHANG Xin-sheng. Analysis of transport path and potential source of polluted particulate matter in five cities of Guanzhong in different seasons[J]. China Environmental Science. 2024, 44(8): 4249-4259

中图分类号： X513

参考文献

[1] Cao S S, Zhao W J, Guan H L, et al. Comparison of remotely sensed PM_{2. 5}concentrations between developed and developing countries: Results from the US, Europe, China, and India [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018,182:672-681.
[2] Lei R, Zhu F, Cheng H, et al. Short-term effect of PM_{2. 5}/O₃ on non-accidental and respiratory deaths in highly polluted area of China [J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2019,10(5):1412-1419.
[3] Xia S Y, Huang D S, Jia H, et al. Relationship between atmospheric pollutants and risk of death caused by cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and malignant tumors in Shenyang, China, from 2013 to 2016: an ecological research [J]. Chinese medical journal, 2019,132(19): 2269-2277.
[4] Li Y, Liao Q, Zhao X, et al. Premature mortality attributable to PM_2.5 pollution in China during 2008~2016: underlying causes and responses to emission reductions [J]. Chemosphere, 2021,263:127925.
[5] Yang B Y, Qian Z M, Li S, et al. Ambient air pollution in relation to diabetes and glucose-homoeostasis markers in China: a cross-sectional study with findings from the 33 Communities Chinese Health Study [J]. The Lancet Planetary Health, 2018,2(2):e64-e73.
[6] 张芊,庞可,马彩云,等.甘肃地区春冬季颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析——基于HYSPLIT4模式及TraPSA分析平台[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,(2):509-518. Zhang Q, Pang K, Ma C, et al. Analysis of particulate matter transport pathways and potential sources in spring and winter in Gansu region: Based on HYSPLIT4 model and TraPSA analysis platform [J].China Environmental Science, 2022,(2):509-518.
[7] 闫世明,王雁,郭伟,等.太原市秋冬季大气污染特征和输送路径及潜在源区分析[J]. 环境科学, 2019,(11):4801-4809. Yan S M, Wang Y, Guo W, et al. Analysis of Air Pollution Characteristics, Transport Paths, and Potential Source Areas in Autumn and Winter in Taiyuan City [J]. Environmental Science, 2019, (11):4801-4809.
[8] 刘娜,余晔,马学谦.西宁市大气污染来源和输送季节特征[J]. 环境科学, 2021,(3):1268-1279. Liu N, Yu Y, Ma X Q. Seasonal characteristics of air pollution sources and transport in Xining City [J]. Environmental Science, 2021,(3): 1268-1279.
[9] 李颜君,安兴琴,范广洲.北京地区大气颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,(3):915-927. Li Y J, An X Q, Fan G Z. Analysis of atmospheric particulate matter transport pathways and potential sources in Beijing [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2019,(3):915-927.
[10] 任传斌,吴立新,张媛媛,等.北京城区PM_2.5输送途径与潜在源区贡献的四季差异分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,(9):2591-2598. Ren C B, Wu L X, Zhang Y Y, et al. Beijing urban PM_2.₅ analysis of seasonal differences in transport pathways and potential source area contributions [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2016,(9):2591- 2598.
[11] 王郭臣,王东启,陈振楼.北京冬季严重污染过程的PM_2.5污染特征和输送路径及潜在源区[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,(7):1931-1937. Wang G C, Wang D Q, Chen Z L. PM_2.5 of severe winter pollution in Beijing Pollution characteristics, transport pathways, and potential source areas [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2016,(7):1931-1937.
[12] 余创,张玉秀,陈伟.银川市PM_2.5的输送路径及潜在源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,(7):3055-3065. Yu C, Zhang Y X, Chen W. Analysis of Transport Pathways and Potential Sources of PM_2.5 in Yinchuan City [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2021,(7):3055-3065.
[13] 严晓瑜,缑晓辉,武万里,等.银川地区大气颗粒物输送路径及潜在源区分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018,(5):1727-1738. Yan X Y, Gou X H, Wu W L, et al. Analysis of atmospheric particulate matter transport pathways and potential source areas in the Yinchuan region [J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2018,(5):1727-1738.
[14] 刘灏,王颖,王思潼,等.基于HYSPLIT4模式的天水市颗粒物输送路径[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,(8):3529-3538. Liu H, Wang Y, Wang S T, et al. Particle transport path in Tianshui City based on HYSPLIT4 model [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2021,(8):3529-3538.
[15] 王振楠,张萌萌,边帅鹏,等.襄阳市秋冬季银川市PM_2.5的输送路径及潜在源解析污染特征及潜在源区分析[J]. 中国环境监测, 2023,39(5):165-175. Wang Z N, Zhang M M, Bian S P, et al. PM_2.5 for Autumn and Winter in Xiangyang City Analysis of Pollution Characteristics and Potential Source Areas [J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2023,39(5): 165-175.
[16] 王雁,高兴艾,裴坤宁,等.基于多站混合受体模型的临汾市PM_2.5潜在源分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,42(3):1032-1039. Wang Y, Gao X A, Pei K N, et al. Potential source analysis of PM_2.5 in Linfen City based on multi-station mixed receptor model [J]. Chinese Environmental Science, 2022,42(3):1032-1039.
[17] 潘旭,柳静献,杨浩宇.沈阳地区大气颗粒物污染特征及区域传输研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2022,(S1):139-149. Pan X, Liu J X, Yang H Y. Research on the characteristics and regional transport of atmospheric particle pollution in Shenyang region [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2022,(S1):139-149.
[18] Ma Y, Zhao H, Liu Q. Characteristics of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ pollution in the urban agglomeration of Central Liaoning [J]. Urban Climate, 2022,43:101170.
[19] 王妘涛,张强,温肖宇,等.运城市PM_2.5时空分布特征和潜在源区季节分析[J]. 环境科学, 2022,(1):74-84. Wang Y T, Zhang Q, Wen X Y, et al. PM_2.5 of Yuncheng City spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and seasonal analysis of potential source areas [J]. Environmental Science, 2022,(1):74-84.
[20] 杜萌萌,杨晓春,郭庆元,等.关中平原主要污染物变化特征及主成分分析[J]. 甘肃科学学报, 2023,(3):30-36,67. Du M M, Yang X C, Guo Q Y, et al. Characteristics and principal component analysis of major pollutant changes in the Guanzhong plain [J]. Journal of Gansu Science, 2023,(3):30-36,67.
[21] 蒋星星,陈庆彩,熊梦琪,等.疫情管控对关中城市群大气污染特征及颗粒物化学组成的影响[J]. 环境化学, 2023,(8):2640-2650. Jiang X X, Chen Q C, Xiong M Q, et al. The impact of epidemic control on the characteristics of air pollution and the chemical composition of particulate matter in the Guanzhong urban agglomeration [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2023,(8):2640-2650.
[22] 尉鹏,赵钰涵,任鹏杰,等.关中地区PM_2.5污染过程的主要参数特征和EMD统计分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2020,(8):1740-1748. Wei P, Zhao Y H, Ren P J, et al. PM_2.5 of Guanzhong Region Main parameter characteristics and EMD statistical analysis of pollution process [J]. Environmental Science Research, 2020,(8):1740-1748.
[23] 张军,金梓函,王玥,等.关中平原城市群PM_2.5时空演变格局及其影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 2022,(12):5333-5343. Zhang J, Jin Z H, Wang Y, et al. PM_2.5 of Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration spatial and temporal evolution patterns and their influencing factors [J]. Environmental Science, 2022,(12):5333-5343.
[24] 黄晓军,祁明月,李艳雨,等.关中地区PM_2.5时空演化及人口暴露风险[J]. 环境科学, 2020,(12):5245-5255. Huang X J, Qi M Y, Li Y Y, et al. PM_2.5in Guanzhong region spatiotemporal evolution and population exposure risks [J]. Environmental Science, 2020,(12):5245-5255.
[25] 任鹏杰,尉鹏,赵森,等.偏东风输送导致的关中地区冬季PM_2.5重污染个例研究[J]. 环境科学研究, 2021,(5):1033-1043. Ren P J, Wei P, Zhao S, et al. A case study on PM_2.5 heavy pollution in Guanzhong area in winter caused by easterly wind transport [J]. Environmental Science Research, 2021,(5):1033-1043.
[26] 胡淑兰,胡琳,程路,等.陕西关中重污染天气低空流场的分型研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022,(1):122-130. Hu S L, Hu L, Cheng L, et al. Typing study of low altitude flow field during heavy pollution weather in Guanzhong, Shaanxi [J]. Arid Region Geography, 2022,(1):122-130.
[27] 张波,宋国君,周芳.基于PM_2.5监测点空间聚类的关中五市空气污染区域识别[J]. 环境科学学报, 2021,(3):797-805. Zhang B, Song G J, Zhou F. Based on PM_2.5Identification of air pollution areas in the five cities of Guanzhong based on spatial clustering of monitoring points [J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2021,(3):797-805.
[28] GB 3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S]. GB 3095-2012 Environmental Air Quality Standard [S].
[29] Zhang L, Shen F Z, Gao J L, et al. Characteristics and potential sources of black carbon particles in suburban Nanjing,China [J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2020,11(5):981-991.
[30] Polissar A V, Hopke P K, Harris J M. Source regions for atmospheric aerosol measured at Barrow, Alaska [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2001,35(21):4214-4226.
[31] Polissar A V, Hopke P K, Paatero P, et al. The aerosol at Barrow, Alaska: long-term trends and source locations [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1999,33(16):2441-2458.
[32] Wang Y Q, Zhang X Y, ARIMOTO R. The contribution from distant dust sources to the atmospheric particulate matter loadings at Xi'an, China during spring [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2006, 368(2/3):875-883.
[33] Han Y J, Holsen T M, Hopke P K. Estimation of source locations of total gaseous mercury measured in New York State using trajectorybased models [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2007,41(28): 6033-6047.
[34] Sugimoto N, Shimizu A, Matsui I, et al. A method for estimating the fraction of mineral dust in particulate matter using PM_2.5-to PM₁₀ ratios [J]. Particuology, 2016,28:114-120.
[35] 刘灏,王颖,王思潼,等.基于HYSPLIT4模式的天水市颗粒物输送路径[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,(8):3529-3538. Liu H, Wang Y, Wang S T, et al. Particle transport path in Tianshui City based on HYSPLIT4model [J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,(8):3529-3538.
[36] 徐丹妮,王瑾婷,袁自冰,等.汾渭平原复杂地形影响下冬季PM_2.5污染分布特征、来源及成因分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2021,41(4): 1184-1198. Xu D N, Wang J T, Yuan Z B, et al. Analysis of the distribution characteristics, sources and causes of PM_2.5 pollution in winter under the influence of complex topography in the Fenwei Plain [J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2021,41(4):1184-1198.
[37] 张芊,庞可,马彩云,等.甘肃地区春冬季颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析——基于HYSPLIT4模式及TraPSA分析平台[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,(2):509-518. Zhang Q, Pang K, Ma C Y, et al.Analysis of Particle Transport Pathways and Potential Sources in Spring and Winter in Gansu Province: Based on HYSPLIT4Model and TraPSA Analysis Platform [J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,(2):509-518.
[38] 刘旭艳,韩秀珍,梁林林,等.2015~2021年景洪市PM_2.5的传输路径及潜在源区[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,42(11):5023-5035. Liu X Y, Han X Z, Liang L L, et al. Transmission path and potential source area of PM_2.5 in Jinghong City in 2015~2021[J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,42(11):5023-5035.
[39] 黄光球,雷哲.西安市大气颗粒物PM_2.5的输送路径和潜在源分析[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2019,(6):1191-1200. Huang G Q, Lei Z. Analysis of the transport path and potential sources of atmospheric particulate matter PM_2.5 in Xi'an [J]. Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Science Edition), 2019,(6):1191-1200.
[40] 王一博.渭南市环境空气中颗粒物污染特征及健康风险评价[D]. 西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2022. Wang Y B. Characteristics of particulate matter pollution in the ambient air of Weinan City and health risk assessment [D]. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 2022.