基于生态安全格局的国土空间生态修复关键区域识别——以淮河流域为例

郭金龙; 李成; 赵洁; 罗聪; 梅忠建

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10) : 5718-5731.

环境生态

基于生态安全格局的国土空间生态修复关键区域识别——以淮河流域为例

郭金龙¹, 李成¹, 赵洁², 罗聪¹, 梅忠建¹

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Identification of key areas for territorial ecological restoration based on ecological security patterns: A case study of the Huaihe River Basin

GUO Jin-long¹, LI Cheng¹, ZHAO Jie², LUO Cong¹, MEI Zhong-jian¹

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摘要

以淮河流域为研究区,综合运用生态系统服务评估、生物多样性和景观连通性分析,结合自然保护区识别生态源地;选择景观生态风险、MSPA景观类型、植被覆盖度、地形起伏度、土地利用类型、夜间灯光指数、距河流距离和距道路距离作为主要阻力因子,利用熵权法形成综合阻力面;采用电路理论构建生态廊道,确定生态廊道等级,在识别生态夹点和障碍点的基础上识别生态修复关键区域.结果表明:淮河流域共识别出24个生态源地,总面积为23590.30km²,主要分布在六安市、信阳市等地;生态廊道共41条,其中关键生态廊道19条;共识别出781个生态夹点和142个生态障碍点,生态夹点土地利用类型主要为耕地、水域和林地,徐州市的生态夹点面积最大,滁州市的生态夹点数量最多.需要重点保护修复的生态夹点面积共计405.76km²,生态障碍点面积共计948.99km².淮河流域呈现“三核四带多点”的空间格局,研究以自然生态为主、人工为辅的原则针对不同地类的关键区域提出科学保护修复策略,以提升淮河流域生态系统的整体性和连通性,为淮河流域乃至其他流域的生态保护和修复提供科学依据和实践指导.

Abstract

This study takes the Huaihe River Basin as the research area, integrates ecosystem service assessment, biodiversity analysis, and landscape connectivity analysis, and identifies ecological sources by combining nature reserves. Eight key resistance factors were selected, including landscape ecological risk, MSPA (Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis) landscape types, vegetation coverage, topographic relief, land use types, night-time light index, distance to rivers, and distance to roads. A comprehensive resistance surface was constructed using the entropy weight method. Based on circuit theory, ecological corridors were built and their grades were determined. Furthermore, key areas for ecological restoration were identified by recognizing ecological pinch points and barrier points. The results showed that a total of 24 ecological sources were identified in the Huaihe River Basin, with a total area of 23,590.30km², mainly distributed in cities such as Lu'an and Xinyang. There were 41ecological corridors, among which 19 were key ecological corridors. A total of 781 ecological pinch points and 142 ecological barrier points were identified. The main land use types of ecological pinch points were cultivated land, water areas, and forest land. Xuzhou City had the largest area of ecological pinch points, while Chuzhou City had the largest number of ecological pinch points. The total area of ecological pinch points requiring priority protection and restoration was 405.76km², and the total area of ecological barrier points was 948.99km². The Huaihe River Basin presents a spatial pattern of "three cores, four belts, and multiple points". Guided by the principle of prioritizing natural ecology and supplementing with artificial measures, this study proposes scientific protection and restoration strategies for key areas of different land types, aiming to enhance the integrity and connectivity of the ecosystem in the Huaihe River Basin. The findings provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for ecological protection and restoration in the Huaihe River Basin and other river basins.

导出引用

郭金龙, 李成, 赵洁, 罗聪, 梅忠建. 基于生态安全格局的国土空间生态修复关键区域识别——以淮河流域为例[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(10): 5718-5731

GUO Jin-long, LI Cheng, ZHAO Jie, LUO Cong, MEI Zhong-jian. Identification of key areas for territorial ecological restoration based on ecological security patterns: A case study of the Huaihe River Basin[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(10): 5718-5731

中图分类号： X171

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