氮杂环污染物对微藻氮代谢的双重效应研究进展

汪韦; 郑梦启; 陈国炜; 胡真虎; 谢冰涵; 刘亚琪

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10) : 5732-5741.

环境生态

氮杂环污染物对微藻氮代谢的双重效应研究进展

汪韦¹, 郑梦启^1,2, 陈国炜¹, 胡真虎¹, 谢冰涵², 刘亚琪¹

作者信息 +

Research progress on the dual effects of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds on nitrogen metabolism in microalgae

WANG Wei¹, ZHENG Meng-qi^1,2, CHEN Guo-wei¹, HU Zhen-hu¹, XIE Bing-han², LIU Ya-qi¹

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摘要

战略新兴产业快速发展引发氮杂环有机污染物(NHCs)在水环境中的迁移与富集效应日益加剧,其通过干扰水环境氮素循环稳态,对生态功能形成严重威胁,因此本文系统阐释了NHCs对微藻氮代谢呈现的双重效应:一方面,NHCs可作为潜在氮源,其生物可利用性依赖于细菌的跨膜转运、开环释氮,以及藻类对释放氮的最终同化;另一方面,NHCs通过阻断光合电子传递链、调控光合色素以及诱导氧化应激等途径诱发胁迫,干扰微藻氮代谢.在此基础上,本文进一步深入分析了NHCs的结构特征以及光照等环境因子影响NHCs干扰微藻氮代谢的作用规律.针对现有研究缺口,未来研究需要聚焦于氮杂环-无机氮复合胁迫体系下的代谢网络调控模型、菌藻共生的分子互作与定向调控,以及纳米材料介导的电子传递增强技术,这些方向将为水环境氮代谢通路精准调控和氮污染物高效降解提供关键突破口.

Abstract

The rapid development of strategic emerging industries has intensified the migration and enrichment of nitrogen- containing heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) in aquatic environments, posing severe threats to ecological functions by disrupting nitrogen cycle homeostasis. This study systematically elucidates the dual effects of NHCs on microalgal nitrogen metabolism. On one hand, NHCs may function as alternative nitrogen sources, with their bioavailability contingent upon bacterial transmembrane transport, ring-opening reactions that liberate nitrogen, and subsequent assimilation processes within algal cells. On the other hand, NHCs act as stressors that perturb nitrogen metabolism by disrupting the photosynthetic electron transport chain, altering the synthesis and stability of photosynthetic pigments, and inducing oxidative stress responses. Building upon these findings, the review further delves into the influence of NHC molecular structures and environmental parameters-particularly light availability-on the mechanisms by which NHCs interfere with algal nitrogen metabolic pathways. In light of existing knowledge gaps, future research should prioritize the development of integrative regulatory models addressing nitrogen metabolism under combined NHC and inorganic nitrogen stress, molecular interactions and targeted regulation in algae-bacteria symbiotic systems, and the exploration of nanomaterial-mediated strategies to enhance electron transport efficiency. Advancements in these areas hold the potential to enable precise manipulation of nitrogen metabolic pathways in aquatic systems and to facilitate the efficient degradation of nitrogenous contaminants.

导出引用

汪韦, 郑梦启, 陈国炜, 胡真虎, 谢冰涵, 刘亚琪. 氮杂环污染物对微藻氮代谢的双重效应研究进展[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(10): 5732-5741

WANG Wei, ZHENG Meng-qi, CHEN Guo-wei, HU Zhen-hu, XIE Bing-han, LIU Ya-qi. Research progress on the dual effects of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds on nitrogen metabolism in microalgae[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(10): 5732-5741

中图分类号： X52

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