潜水位变动对非均匀介质中DNAPL分布影响的数值模拟研究

陈航; 杨洁; 杜文强; 胡立堂; 宋权威; 刘俊

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10) : 5796-5810.

环境生态

潜水位变动对非均匀介质中DNAPL分布影响的数值模拟研究

陈航^1,2,3, 杨洁^2,3, 杜文强⁴, 胡立堂^2,3, 宋权威¹, 刘俊⁵

作者信息 +

The numerical simulation study of the impact on DNAPL distribution in heterogeneous media due to fluctuation of water table.

CHEN Hang^1,2,3, YANG Jie^2,3, DU Wen-qiang⁴, HU Li-tang^2,3, SONG Quan-wei¹, LIU Jun⁵

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了准确刻画近年华北滨海地区地下水回升对重非水相液体(DNAPL)污染物运移的影响,以天津某非水相液体(NAPL)污染场地为例,利用多相流数值模型TOUGH/TMVOC,模拟了潜水位变动条件下DNAPL在均质与层状非均质介质中的迁移特征,重点研究了其在潜水位界面附近的变化规律.研究发现:NAPL相是DNAPL在地下水中迁移的主要存在形态,在均质饱和介质中,DNAPL迁移呈现垂向渗透与横向扩散的双重特征.在非饱和-饱和含水层系统中,潜水位界面下方DNAPL饱和度呈现显著跃升特征,较初始泄漏阶段增加47.5%.水位回升条件下,污染物DNAPL饱和度突增及纵向迁移现象减弱,延伸速率较之低水位降低1.5~1.8倍;同时,溶解相组分的气化相变受到抑制,导致气相DNAPL含量减少.潜水位动态变化与层状非均质地层结构共同调控DNAPL迁移过程,低渗透层阻滞DNAPL迁移.尽管穿越潜水面后DNAPL饱和度有所增加,但其最大饱和度相较饱和条件仍降低6%~7%,污染物质量减少13%~15%.建议在潜水位附近DNAPL达到最低饱和度时,进行污染物阻断,以提升修复效率.

Abstract

To accurately characterize the impact on DNAPL contaminant migration under the background of groundwater level rise in the coastal areas of North China in recent years, a case study was conducted at a NAPL contaminated site in Tianjin. Utilizing the multiphase flow numerical model TOUGH/TMVOC, a simulation was constructed to analyse the migration characteristics of DNAPL in both homogeneous and layered heterogeneous media under varying groundwater levels. The focus of the study was on the variation of DNAPL movement above and below the water table interface. The key findings were as follows: the NAPL phase was the primary form in which DNAPL migrates in groundwater. In homogeneous saturated media, DNAPL migration exhibited both vertical infiltration and horizontal diffusion. In the unsaturated-saturated aquifer system, a significant increase in DNAPL saturation was observed below the water table interface, with an increase of 47.5% compared to the initial leakage stage. Under water level recovery conditions, the phenomena of sudden increases in DNAPL saturation and vertical migration of contaminants were weakened, with the extension rate decreasing by 1.5~1.8 times compared to low water levels; simultaneously, the phase change of dissolved components to gaseous state was inhibited, resulting in reduced amount of gas phase DNAPL. The dynamic changes in the water table, in conjunction with the layered heterogeneous stratum structure, jointly regulated the DNAPL migration process. Low-permeability layers impeded DNAPL migration. Although DNAPL saturation increased after crossing the water table, its maximum saturation still decreased by 6%~7% compared to the saturated conditions, and the mass of contaminants decreased by 13%~15%. It is recommended to implement contaminant interception when DNAPL reached minimum saturation near the water table to improve remediation efficiency.

导出引用

陈航, 杨洁, 杜文强, 胡立堂, 宋权威, 刘俊. 潜水位变动对非均匀介质中DNAPL分布影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(10): 5796-5810

CHEN Hang, YANG Jie, DU Wen-qiang, HU Li-tang, SONG Quan-wei, LIU Jun. The numerical simulation study of the impact on DNAPL distribution in heterogeneous media due to fluctuation of water table.[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(10): 5796-5810

中图分类号： X53

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