微生物菌剂配施羊板粪对三江源区退化草地群落特征和土壤真菌多样性的影响

高佩; 李希来; 张静; 柴瑜; 李成一; 李鑫慧; 王玥; 赵筱妍; 苗金花

PDF(10260 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10) : 5823-5835.

环境微生物

微生物菌剂配施羊板粪对三江源区退化草地群落特征和土壤真菌多样性的影响

高佩^1,2, 李希来^1,2, 张静², 柴瑜^1,2, 李成一², 李鑫慧^1,2, 王玥², 赵筱妍², 苗金花²

作者信息 +

Effects of microbial agents combined with sheep manure on community characteristics and soil fungal diversity of a degraded meadow in the Three Rivers source region

GAO Pei^1,2, LI Xi-lai^1,2, ZHANG Jing², CHAI Yu^1,2, LI Cheng-yi², LI Xin-hui^1,2, WANG Yue², ZHAO Xiao-yan², MIAO Jin-hua²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为明确微生物菌剂与羊板粪配施,对退化高寒草甸土壤真菌物种组成、群落多样性及功能结构的影响,以三江源区中度退化高寒草甸为研究对象,采用高通量测序、相关性分析和FUNGuild功能预测技术,分析了菌剂与羊板粪配施后其植物群落特征和土壤真菌群落特征变化.结果表明:微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理下,其他植物群落地上生物量、地下生物量、盖度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均较CK处理(Y0K0)显著增加,Y1K1(羊板粪:1500kg/hm²,菌剂:250kg/hm²)、Y2K1(羊板粪:3000kg/hm²,菌剂:250kg/hm²)、Y3K1处理(羊板粪:6000kg/hm²,菌剂:250kg/hm²)显著提高了Shannon-Wiener多样性和生物量.微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理下,其他土壤真菌群落OTU数目、Shannon指数、Ace指数、Chao1 指数和Pielou指数较CK处理显著增加,真菌网络复杂程度提高,且网络以正相关关系为主.草地土壤子囊菌门、被孢霉门、担子菌门是高寒退化草地根际真菌群落的关键物种.冗余分析结果显示,12个处理中真菌群落结构与SEC(土壤电导率)呈现显著相关性(P<0.05),土壤真菌群落结构与植物群落特征、土壤理化特征在第Ⅰ和Ⅱ轴的解释率分别为33.46%和7.74%,SEC是驱动高寒退化草地根际真菌群落改变的主要驱动因子.与CK处理(Y0K0)相比,微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理可显著提高土壤真菌中未知真菌、内生-凋落物腐生-土壤腐生-未定义腐生真菌丰度,降低未定义腐生真菌、动物病原-粪便腐生-植物内生-植物外生-凋落物腐生-木头腐生真菌和动物病原-未定义腐生真菌的丰度.综上,微生物菌剂与羊板粪配施可促进退化高寒草甸土壤真菌恢复,改善土壤真菌区系,且以每公顷施用羊板粪3 000kg、微生物菌剂250kg处理效果最好.

Abstract

This study attempted to clarify the effects of microbial inoculants combined with sheep manure on species composition, community diversity, and functional structure of soil fungi in a moderately degraded alpine meadow in the source region of “Three Rivers”. The changes in plant community and soil fungal community characteristics in the meadow after fertilization with both microbial agents and sheep manure were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing, correlation analysis, and FUNGuild function prediction techniques. The results showed that: Aboveground biomass, underground biomass, coverage and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the plant community were significantly increased compared with the control (Y0K0). The YK1 (sheep manure: 1500kg/hm², microbial inoculum: 250kg/hm²), Y2K1 (sheep manure: 3000kg/hm²). Microbial agent: 250kg/hm²), and Y3K1treatment (sheep manure: 6000kg/hm², microbial agent: 250kg/hm²) all significantly improved plant diversity and biomass; Compared with the control, the number of OTU, Shannon index, Ace index, Chao1index and Pielou index of the soil fungal community were significantly increased aftr fertilization with both microbial inoculum and sheep manure, with improved fungal network complexity, and a mostly positively correlated network. Ascomycetes, Mortierella and Basidiomycetes were identified as the key species of the rhizosphere fungi community in the degraded alpine meadow; Redundancy analysis revealed a significant correlation between fungal community structure and soil electrical conductivity in all the 12 treatments (P<0.05). The first and second axes achieved an explanatory rate of 33.46% and 7.74% in characterizing the fungal and plant community structure and soil physical and chemical traits, respectively, and SEC was identified as the main factor driving the change of the rhizosphere fungal community in the degraded alpine meadow; Compared with the control (Y0K0), all fertilization treatments increased the abundance of Unkdown fungi, Endophyte-Litter Saprotroph-Soil Saprotroph-Undefined Saprotroph while reducing Undefined Saprotroph, Animal Pathogen-Dung Saprotroph. Endophyte- Epiphyte- Plant Saprotroph-Wood Saprotropl and Animal Pathogen-Undefined Saprotroph. To sum up, all fertilization treatments using both microbial agents and sheep manure promoted the recovery of soil fungi in the degraded alpine meadow and improved soil fungal flora, with the Y2K1treatment (3000kg sheep manure plus 250kg microbial agents per hectare) being the most effective.

导出引用

高佩, 李希来, 张静, 柴瑜, 李成一, 李鑫慧, 王玥, 赵筱妍, 苗金花. 微生物菌剂配施羊板粪对三江源区退化草地群落特征和土壤真菌多样性的影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(10): 5823-5835

GAO Pei, LI Xi-lai, ZHANG Jing, CHAI Yu, LI Cheng-yi, LI Xin-hui, WANG Yue, ZHAO Xiao-yan, MIAO Jin-hua. Effects of microbial agents combined with sheep manure on community characteristics and soil fungal diversity of a degraded meadow in the Three Rivers source region[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(10): 5823-5835

中图分类号： X172

参考文献

[1] 杨冲,王春燕,王文颖,等.青藏高原黄河源区高寒草地土壤营养特征变化及质量评价 [J]. 生态环境学报, 2022,31(5):896-908. Yang C, Wang C Y, Wang W Y, et al. Changes of soil nutrient characteristics and quality evaluation of alpine grassland in the source region of the Yellow River on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. Journal of Ecological Environment, 2022,31(5):896-908.
[2] Niu Y, Zhu H, Yang S, et al. Overgrazing leads to soil cracking that later triggers the severe degradation of alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Land Degradation and Development, 2019,30(10):1234- 1257.
[3] 童生春,李国荣,李进芳,等.黄河源高寒草甸退化秃斑地土壤基本特征及其风蚀规律 [J]. 水土保持研究, 2023,30(4):10-17. Tong S C, Li G R, Li J F, et al. Soil basic characteristics and wind erosion law of degraded bald spots in alpine meadow of the Yellow River source [J]. Soil and water conservation research, 2023,30(4): 10-17.
[4] 段成伟,李希来,马盼盼,等.人工修复措施对退化高寒草甸土壤养分及酶活性的影响 [J]. 西北农业学报, 2022,31(4):431-440. Duan C w, Li X l, Ma P p, et al. Effects of artificial restoration measures on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in degraded alpine meadow [J]. Journal of Northwest Agriculture, 2022,31(4):431-440.
[5] 柴瑜,李希来,于金峰,等.有机肥施用量对黄河源不同坡向退化高寒草甸土壤团聚体及有机碳的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2022,30(7): 1613-1620. Chai Y, Li X l, Yu J F, et al. Effects of organic fertilizer application rate on soil aggregates and organic carbon of degraded alpine meadow in different slopes of the Yellow River source [J]. Acta Grassland, 2022,30(7):1613-1620.
[6] 柴瑜,李希来,马盼盼,等.施肥和控鼠对退化高寒草甸植物-土壤-微生物碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响 [J]. 中国草地学报, 2023,45(1): 12-22. Chai Y, Li X L, Ma P P, et al. Effects of fertilization and rodent control on the stoichiometric characteristics of plant-soil- microorganism carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in degraded alpine meadow [J]. Journal of China Grassland, 2023,45(1):12-22.
[7] 杨鹏年,李希来,李成一,等.黄河源区斑块化退化高寒草甸土壤微生物多样性对长期封育的响应 [J]. 环境科学, 2023,44(4):2293-2303. Yang P N, Li X L, Li C Y, et al. Response of soil microbial diversity to long-term enclosure in the degraded alpine meadow in the source region of the Yellow River [J]. Environmental Science, 2023,44(4): 2293-2303.
[8] 王玲,施建军,董全民,等.氮、磷添加对高寒草原群落多样性和生物量的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2019,27(6):1633-1642. Wang L, Shi J J, Dong Q M, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on community diversity and biomass of alpine grassland [J]. Acta Grassland, 2019,27(6):1633-1642.
[9] Liu Y, Xu X, Wei D, et al. Plant and soil responses of an alpine steppe on the Tibetan Plateau to multi-level nitrogen addition [J]. Plant and soil, 2013,373:515-529.
[10] Han Y, Ma Z L, Chen R, et al. Organic substitution regulated the soil microbial communities by modifying nutrient limitations in saline-alkaline soils [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2025,316: 109586.
[11] Lyu L L, Gao P, Cai Z C, et al. Topographic habitat drive the change of soil fungal community and vegetation soil characteristics in the rhizosphere of kengyilia thoroldiana in the sanjiangyuan region [J]. Journal of Fungi, 2025,11(7):531.
[12] 高佩,李希来,柴瑜,等.羊板粪与枯草芽孢杆菌配施对退化高寒草甸土壤养分及酶活性的影响 [J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2024,(11): 29-36. Gao P, Li X L, Chai Y, et al. Effects of combined application of sheep manure and Bacillus subtilis on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in degraded alpine meadow [J]. China Soil and Fertilizer, 2024,(11): 29-36.
[13] 张波,李江荣,郭亮娜,等.有机肥添加对土壤微生物的影响研究进展 [J]. 吉林林业科技, 2024,53(6):27-32. Zhang B, Li J R, Guo L N, et al. Research progress on the effect of organic fertilizer addition on soil microorganisms [J]. Jilin Forestry Science and Technology, 2024,53(6):27-32.
[14] 何冬冬,魏欣琪,林紫婷,等.不同有机肥对植烟红壤真菌群落结构及功能的影响 [J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020,26(11):2081-2094. He D D, Wei X Q, Lin Z T, et al. Effects of different organic fertilizers on the structure and function of fungal community in tobacco-growing red soil [J]. Acta Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2020,26(11):2081- 2094.
[15] 胡生斌,李长慧,于中阳,等.羊板粪和颗粒有机肥配施对高寒矿区土壤理化性质及真菌群落多样性的影响 [J]. 青海农林科技, 2024, (4):9-14,123. Hu S B, Li C H, Yu Z Y, et al. Effects of combined application of sheep manure and granular organic fertilizer on soil physical and chemical properties and fungal community diversity in alpine mining areas [J]. Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2024,(4):9-14,123.
[16] Schwalb S A, Li S W, Hemkemeyer M, et al. Long term differences in fertilisation type change the bacteria: archaea: fungi ratios and reveal a heterogene ous response of the soil microbial ionome in a Haplic Luvisol [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2023,177:108892.
[17] 刘芳,汪航飞,蒲春燕,等.不同施肥对葡萄苗根际微生物量、土壤酶活性和生理的影响 [J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2023,41(2):318-324. Liu F, Wang H F, Pu C Y, et al. Effects of different fertilization on rhizosphere microbial biomass, soil enzyme activity and physiology of grape seedlings [J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2023, 41(2):318-324.
[18] 李明星,江慧,李锐定,等.功能菌剂偶联有机肥对秸秆还田及土壤生物学特性的影响研究 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2025,45(2):870-881. Li M X, Jiang H, Li R D, et al. Effects of functional microbial inoculum coupled with organic fertilizer on straw returning and soil biological characteristics [J]. China Environmental Science, 2025, 45(2):870-881.
[19] 朱诗君,王丽丽,金树权,等.微生物菌剂菌肥对西瓜连作障碍的缓解作用 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2023,39(28):48-53. Zhu S J, Wang L L, Jin S Q, et al. Alleviating effect of microbial inoculum fertilizer on continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon [J]. chinese agricultural science bulletin, 2023,39(28):48-53.
[20] Chen W, Teng Y, Li Z, et al. Mechanisms by which organic fertilizer and effective microbes mitigate peanut continuous cropping yield constraints in a red soil of south China [J]. Applied soil ecology, 2018,128:23-34.
[21] Baruah G, Molau U, Jägerbrand A K, et al. Impacts of seven years of experimental warming and nutrient addition on neighbourhood species interactions and community structure in two contrasting alpine plant communities [J]. Ecological Complexity, 2018,33:31-40.
[22] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析 [M]. (第三版).北京:中国农业出版社, 2000:25-100. Bao S D. Soil agrochemical analysis [M]. (Third Edition). Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2000:25-100.
[23] 左丽峰.菌剂与不同肥料配施对土壤肥力及玉米生长发育影响的研究 [D]. 晋中:山西农业大学, 2005. Zuo L F. Study on the effect of microbial inoculum combined with different fertilizers on soil fertility and corn growth and development [D]. Jinzhong: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2005.
[24] Tian X G, Zhang X, Yang G P, et al. Effects of microbial fertilizer application on soil ecology in saline–alkali fields [J]. Agronomy, 2024,15(1):14.
[25] Wan S X, Li F, Wang J, et al. Effects of phosphate-solubilizing microbial agents on the growth of maize seedlings and the bacterial community structure and phosphorus forms in rhizosphere soil [J]. China Soil and Fertilizer, 2024,(2):80-88.
[26] 任思雨,刘雨涵,刘颖慧,等.复合微生物菌剂对退化草地植物生长和土壤质量的影响 [J]. 生态学报, 2025,45(7):1-12. Ren S Y, Liu Y H, Liu Y H, et al. Effects of compound microbial agents on plant growth and soil quality in degraded grassland [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2025,45(7):1-12.
[27] 李泽藩,张振豪,董书明,等.施肥对退化草地植被生产力和群落结构特征的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2024,23(9):2973-2981. Li Z F, Zhang Z H, Dong S M, et al. Effects of fertilization on vegetation productivity and community structure characteristics of degraded grassland [J]. Acta Grassland, 2024,23(9):2973-2981.
[28] 吕亮雨,段国珍,李发毅,等.微生物菌剂对枸杞生长及土壤养分的影响 [J]. 江苏农业科学, 2023,51(1):168-175. Lv L y, Duan G z, Li F y, et al. Effects of microbial agents on the growth of Lycium barbarum and soil nutrients [J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2023,51(1):168-175.
[29] 吕亮雨,施建军,蔡宗程,等.粪肥配施化肥对退化高寒草原牧草生产和土壤养分的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2025,33(6):2023-2032. Lv L y, Shi J j, Cai Z c, et al. Effects of manure combined with chemical fertilizer on forage production and soil nutrients in degraded alpine grassland [J]. Acta Grassland, 2025,33(6):2023-2032.
[30] Liu H Y, Xu W, Li J Y, et al.Short-term effect of manure and straw application on bacterial and fungal community compositions and abundances in an acidic paddy soil [J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2021,21(9):1-15.
[31] Wu Q C, Chen Y, Dou X H, et al.Microbial fertilizers improve soil quality and crop yield in coastal saline soils by regulating soil bacterial and fungal community structure [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2024,949:175127.
[32] 乔千洛,武燕茹,李钦瑶,等.商品有机肥和羊板粪对高寒矿区人工草地和土壤特性的影响 [J]. 草地学报, 2024,32(8):2659-2669. Qiao Q L, Wu Y R, Li Q Y, et al. Effects of commercial organic fertilizer and sheep manure on artificial grassland and soil characteristics in alpine mining area [J]. Acta Grassland, 2024,32(8): 2659-2669.
[33] 冯海萍,陈卓,杨虎.微生物菌剂对连作芹菜根际土壤真菌群落多样性与结构的影响 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2024,42(2):53-61,70. Feng H P, Chen Z, yang h. Effects of microbial agents on the diversity and structure of rhizosphere soil fungal communities of continuous cropping celery [J]. Agricultural Research in Arid Areas, 2024,42(2): 53-61,70.
[34] 高熙梣,孔涛,李华孙,等.古龙酸母液、木霉菌与活性污泥配施对矸石山黑麦草生理特性及土壤微生物性质的影响 [J]. 生态环境学报, 2023,32(9):1709-1718. Gao X C, Kong T, Li h S. Effect of combined application residue after evaporation, Trichoderma longibrachiatum and activated sludge on physiological characteristics of perennial ryegrass and soil microbial properties in gangue hill [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2023,32(9):1709-1718.
[35] 祝静,于存.长枝木霉菌肥对玉米生长、土壤肥力和根际微生物的影响 [J]. 生物技术通报, 2022,38(4):230-241. Zhu J, Yu C. Effects of Trichoderma longibrachiatum on maize growth, soil fertility and rhizosphere microorganism [J]. Soil and Crops, 2022, 11(4):458-469.
[36] 何晓冰,卜亚艇,许跃奇,等.不同微生物菌剂对烤烟根际微生物群落的影响 [J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024,65(12):2869-2877. He X B, Bu Y T, Xu Y Q, et al. Effects of different microbial agents on rhizosphere microbial community of flue-cured tobacco [J]. Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024,65(12):2869-2877.
[37] Boer W, Folman L B, Summerbell R C, et al. Living in a fungal world: Impact of fungi on soil bacterial niche development [J]. FEMS microbiology reviews, 2005,29(4):795-811.
[38] 王梓廷.土壤微生物群落分布和多样性对保护性耕作的响应及其机制 [D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2018. Wang Z Y. Response of soil microbial community distribution and diversity to conservation tillage and its mechanism [D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2018.
[39] 王丹,李心怡,卢涵,等.设施蔬菜栽培对土壤微生物群落结构及微生物互作的影响 [J]. 中南农业科技, 2024,45(11):13-22. Wang D, Li X Y, Lu H, et al. Effects of protected vegetable cultivation on soil microbial community structure and microbial interaction [J]. Central South Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024,45(11): 13-22.
[40] Shen M, Chen X D, Zhang X L, et al. Changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal attributes along a chronosequence of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) plantations can be attributed to the plantation-induced variation in soil properties [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,599/600:273-283.
[41] 田乾,张卫青,乌兰图雅,等.畜粪及粪金龟对内蒙古典型草原土壤电导率和pH值的影响 [J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2024,38(8):179-188. Tian G, Zhang W Q, Ulan T Y, et al. Effects of livestock manure and dung beetles on soil conductivity and pH value of typical grasslands in Inner Mongolia [J]. Resources and Environment in Arid Areas, 2024,38(8):179-188.
[42] 邵孝候,张宇杰,常婷婷,等.生物有机肥对盐渍土壤水盐动态及番茄产量的影响 [J]. 河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2018,46(2):153-160. Shao X H, Zhang Y J, Chang T T, et al. Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on water and salt dynamics and tomato yield in saline soil [J]. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Science Edition), 2018,46(2): 153-160.
[43] 熊辉,张鲜花,撒成辉,等.施肥对天然割草地植物群落、土壤养分及微生物的影响 [J]. 中国草地学报, 2025,47(6):34-45. Xiong H, Zhang X H, Sa C H, et al. Effects of fertilization on plant communities, soil nutrients,and microorganisms in natural mowing grassland [J]. Journal of China Grassland, 2025,47(6):34-45.
[44] 颜珲璘.高寒地区禾/豆混播草地微生物与牧草互作机制研究 [D]. 西宁:青海大学, 2023. Yan H L. Study on interaction mechanism between microorganisms and forage biomass in Grass-legume mixtures in alpine region [D]. Xining: Qinghai University, 2023.