冷冻-重力脱盐淡化技术淡水产出效率研究

宋战; 董晓梅; 黄童童; 刘杨; 李朝阳; 荣欣; 杨玉辉

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11) : 6307-6319.

环境生态

冷冻-重力脱盐淡化技术淡水产出效率研究

宋战^1,2, 董晓梅¹, 黄童童^1,2, 刘杨^1,2, 李朝阳^1,2,3, 荣欣¹, 杨玉辉^1,2

作者信息 +

Freshwater production efficiency of freeze-gravity desalination technology

SONG Zhan^1,2, DONG Xiao-mei¹, HUANG Tong-tong^1,2, LIU Yang^1,2, LI Zhao-yang^1,2,3, RONG Xin¹, YANG Yu-hui^1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

脱盐率与产水效率低是限制冷冻淡化(FD)技术商业化应用的重要原因,为探究制冷温度对冷冻-重力脱盐(GD)技术淡水产出效率的影响,试验设置了三种制冷温度和两种融化方式,研究了结冰与融化过程中盐分的分布规律.结果表明,在结冰过程中,冰晶盐分浓度随制冷温度降低而增加,但脱盐率最低仍有40%左右;GD融冰过程冰融水总溶解性固体(TDS)随冰融水量增加呈指数衰减;提出了重力脱盐混合冰融水假设,并发现混合冰融水TDS值等于设定的冰融水TDS目标值(1000mg/L)时的产水量(WP₂)和产水率(WPR₂)显著高于瞬时冰融水TDS值小于1000mg/L时的产水量(WP₁)和产水率(WPR₁),产水率提高了21%以上;FD技术和GD技术联合进行脱盐,且以混合冰融水假设中所设方法收集冰融水时,淡水产出效率(FP)随制冷温度的降低而显著升高,解决了制冷温度对结冰过程脱盐率的限制和用户对较快产冰效率(IP)的需要之间的矛盾.

Abstract

Low desalination rates and water production efficiency are key factors limiting the commercial application of freeze desalination (FD) technology. To investigate the effect of refrigeration temperature on freshwater production efficiency in freeze-gravity desalination (GD) technology, experiments were conducted with three refrigeration temperatures and two melting methods to study salt distribution patterns during freezing and melting. Results indicate that during freezing, salt concentration in ice crystals increases with decreasing the refrigeration temperature, yet the minimum desalination rate remains around 40%. During GD melting, total dissolved solids (TDS) in meltwater exhibit exponential decay increasing meltwater volume. A hypothesis for gravity-driven desalination of mixed ice meltwater was proposed. It was found that when TDS value of the mixed ice meltwater equaled the target (1000mg/L), the water production (WP₂) and water production rate (WPR₂) were significantly higher than those (WP₁ and WPR₁) when the instantaneous TDS value of ice meltwater was below 1000mg/L, with the water production rate increasing by over 21%. When combining FD and GD technologies for desalination and collecting meltwater using the method proposed in the mixed meltwaterhypothesis, the freshwater production efficiency (FP) significantly increases with decreasing refrigeration temperature. This resolves the conflict between the limitation of desalination rate during the freezing process imposed by regrigeration temperature and the users' demand for faster ice production efficiency (IP).

导出引用

宋战, 董晓梅, 黄童童, 刘杨, 李朝阳, 荣欣, 杨玉辉. 冷冻-重力脱盐淡化技术淡水产出效率研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(11): 6307-6319

SONG Zhan, DONG Xiao-mei, HUANG Tong-tong, LIU Yang, LI Zhao-yang, RONG Xin, YANG Yu-hui. Freshwater production efficiency of freeze-gravity desalination technology[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(11): 6307-6319

中图分类号： P747 X37

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