低氨氮浓度下PD/A系统快速启动与脱氮性能驱动机制研究

王娜; 张佩云; 郭思嘉; 吕恺; 彭党聪

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12) : 6631-6640.

水污染与控制

低氨氮浓度下PD/A系统快速启动与脱氮性能驱动机制研究

王娜¹, 张佩云², 郭思嘉¹, 吕恺¹, 彭党聪³

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The rapid startup and nitrogen removal performance driving mechanisms of the PD/A system

WANG Na¹, ZHANG Pei-yun², GUO Si-jia¹, LV Kai¹, PENG Dang-cong³

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文章历史 +

摘要

部分反硝化厌氧氨氧化(PD/A)系统的快速启动和稳定运行是限制其在污水脱氮工程化应用的主要问题.本研究采用接种好氧池生物膜,并在低基质浓度(NH₄⁺-N<50mg/L, NO₃^--N<30mg/L)及C/N(2.86)的条件下,同时富集厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)和部分反硝化菌(PDB),经过100d运行成功启动PD/A反应器.系统稳定运行后(第Ⅳ阶段末期),总氮去除率(Re.TN)和氮去除速率(NRR)达(78.42±3.78)%和(2554.58±132.78) mgTN/(m²·d).PDB活性始终高于AnAOB活性,并最终分别稳定在(6459.85±627.61)和(3093.15±43.91) mgN/(m²·d).高通量测序结果显示,PDB(Thauera、Denitratisoma)和AnAOB(Ca.Brocadia、Ca.Jettenia)均得到富集,其相对丰度分别为5.33%、8.32%和13.57%、0.29%.荧光原位杂交(FISH)分析显示,AnAOB主要分布于生物膜外侧,表现出“趋化性定殖”特征.偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM)分析表明,操作条件可直接影响微生物群落的演替,并通过调控微生物组成间接影响系统的脱氮性能.本研究为PD/A系统的快速启动与稳定运行提供了理论支持和工程参考.

Abstract

The rapid startup and stable operation of the partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) system remain challenges limiting their engineering application in wastewater nitrogen removal. This study investigates the startup process of a PD/A reactor, inoculated with an aerobic sludge biofilm, under conditions of low substrate concentrations (NH₄⁺-N < 50mg/L, NO₃^--N < 30mg/L) and a C/N ratio of 2.86. After 100d of operation, the system successfully enriched both anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) and partial denitrification bacteria (PDB), achieving stable operation. By the end of Phase IV, the total nitrogen removal rate (Re. TN) and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) stabilized at(78.42±3.78)% and (2554.58±132.78)mgTN/(m²·d), respectively. The activity of PDB remained consistently higher than that of AnAOB, reaching stabilization levels of (6495.85±627.61) and (3093.15±43.91) mgN/(m²·d), respectively. High-throughput sequencing revealed significant enrichment of PDB (Thauera, Denitratisoma) and AnAOB (Ca. Brocadia, Ca. Jettenia), with their relative abundances being 5.33%, 8.32%, 13.57%, and 0.29%, respectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated that AnAOB predominantly colonized the outer layer of the biofilm, suggesting a chemotactic migration behavior. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) analysis showed that operational conditions directly influenced microbial community succession, which, in turn, indirectly affected the nitrogen removal performance of the system. This study offers valuable theoretical insights and engineering references for the rapid startup and stable operation of PD/A systems.

导出引用

王娜, 张佩云, 郭思嘉, 吕恺, 彭党聪. 低氨氮浓度下PD/A系统快速启动与脱氮性能驱动机制研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(12): 6631-6640

WANG Na, ZHANG Pei-yun, GUO Si-jia, LV Kai, PENG Dang-cong. The rapid startup and nitrogen removal performance driving mechanisms of the PD/A system[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(12): 6631-6640

中图分类号： X703.1

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