关中地区典型行业VOCs排放源成分谱及环境影响

董静; 李顺姬; 党小庆; 屈嘉鑫; 王赫; 吉硕

PDF(1836 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 619-628.

大气污染与控制

关中地区典型行业VOCs排放源成分谱及环境影响

董静¹, 李顺姬^1,2, 党小庆¹, 屈嘉鑫¹, 王赫¹, 吉硕¹

作者信息 +

Source composition spectrum and environmental impact of VOCs emission from typical industries in Guanzhong Region

DONG Jing¹, LI Shun-ji^1,2, DANG Xiao-qing¹, QU Jia-xin¹, WANG He¹, JI Shuo¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

持续推进关中地区VOCs精细化管控,以西安市和咸阳市为代表,选取包装印刷、电子产品制造、工业涂装、涂料及油墨制造、家具制造和橡胶制品6个行业进行样品采集,研究关中地区典型行业VOCs排放源成分谱、臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和二次气溶胶生成潜势(SOAFP).结果表明:包装印刷和工业涂装行业主要排放VOCs为含氧挥发性有机物(OVOCs)(53%~73%)和烷烃(17%~34%);电子产品制造行业为OVOCs(68%)和烯烃(29%);涂料及油墨制造行业以OVOCs(61%)和芳香烃(22%)为主;家具制造行业以芳香烃(78%)和OVOCs(19%)为主;橡胶制品行业以烷烃(78%)为主.其中乙醇、丙酮、异丙醇、甲醛、乙酸乙酯、间/对-二甲苯为关中地区典型行业排放的主要特征物种.基于最大增量反应活性法(MIR)和气溶胶生成系数法(FAC),得出OVOCs、芳香烃和烯烃是OFP的主要来源,芳香烃是SOAFP的主要来源,主要排放来源为涂料及油墨制造、工业涂装和家具制造行业应重点管控.

Abstract

PM_2.5 control in the Guanzhong region has achieved significant progress, but the situation regarding ozone pollution remains severe. To continue advancing the fine management of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in the Guanzhong region, with Xi'an and Xianyang as representatives, six industries—packaging printing, electronic product manufacturing, industrial coatings, paint and ink manufacturing, furniture manufacturing, and rubber products — were selected for sample collection. This study examines the VOC emission profiles, ozone formation potential (OFP), and secondary aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) of typical industries in the Guanzhong region. The results show that in the packaging printing and industrial coating industries, the primary VOCs emitted are oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) (53%~73%) and alkanes (17%~34%); in the electronic product manufacturing industry, they are OVOCs (68%) and alkenes (29%); in the paint and ink manufacturing industry, the main VOCs are OVOCs (61%) and aromatic hydrocarbons (22%); in the furniture manufacturing industry, the primary VOCs are aromatic hydrocarbons (78%) and OVOCs (19%); and in the rubber products industry, alkanes (78%) dominate. Key characteristic species emitted by typical industries in the Guanzhong region include ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, formaldehyde, ethyl acetate, and m-/p-xylene. Based on the Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) method and the Aerosol Formation Coefficient (FAC) method, it was found that OVOCs, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkenes are the main contributors to OFP, while aromatic hydrocarbons are the primary source of SOAFP. The major emission sources are the paint and ink manufacturing, industrial coatings, and furniture manufacturing industries, which should be prioritized for control.

导出引用

董静, 李顺姬, 党小庆, 屈嘉鑫, 王赫, 吉硕. 关中地区典型行业VOCs排放源成分谱及环境影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(2): 619-628

DONG Jing, LI Shun-ji, DANG Xiao-qing, QU Jia-xin, WANG He, JI Shuo. Source composition spectrum and environmental impact of VOCs emission from typical industries in Guanzhong Region[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(2): 619-628

中图分类号： X51

参考文献

[1] Cao X, Yi J, Li Y, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in an industrial area at the Zhejiang- Shanghai Boundary, China [J]. Atmosphere, 2024,15(2):237.
[2] Xiang S, Liu J, Tao W, et al. Control of both PM_2.5 and O₃ in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding areas [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2020,224:117259-117259.
[3] Shao M, Lv S, Wei Y, et al. The various synergistic impacts of precursor emission reduction on PM_2.5 and O₃ in a typical industrial city with complex distributions of emissions [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2024,940173497-173497.
[4] Wang H, Sun S, Nie L, et al. A review of whole-process control of industrial volatile organic compounds in China [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2023,123:127-139.
[5] Wang R, Wang, L L, Li Y Y, et al. The reward and penalty for ozone pollution control caused by natural sources and regional transport: A case study in Guangdong province [J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2024,174984.
[6] Liu Y, Lu X, Zhang X, et al. The newest emission inventory of anthropogenic full-volatility organic in Central China [J]. Atmospheric Research, 2024,300:107245.
[7] Xin G, Kaitao C, Min C, et al. Study on the Fingerprint and Atmospheric Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds from Typical Industrial Emissions [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023,20(4):3517-3517.
[8] 黄沛荣,朱波,张月,等.PM_2.5与O₃协同控制视角下深圳市工业VOCs源谱特征 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,42(8):3473-3482.Huang P R, Zhu B, Zhang Y, et al. Source profile characteristics of industrial VOCs in Shenzhen from the perspective of PM_2.5 and O₃ synergistic control [J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,42(8): 3473-3482.
[9] 徐遵主,熊红红,张宇威,等.江苏省典型工业源挥发性有机物排污特征与减排潜力分析 [J]. 环境工程学报, 2024,18(2):547-559.Xu Z Z, Xiong H H, Zhang Y W, et al. Emission characteristics and emission reduction potential of volatile organic compounds from typical industrial sources in Jiangsu Province [J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2024,18(2):547-559.
[10] Zhou B A, Hu J, Qi Y, et al. Atmospheric VOCs and their contribution to O₃ and SOA formation in summer of Huairou District, Beijing City [J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 40(1):39-49.
[11] Wang H L, Xue S, Hao R, et al. Emission characteristics and ozone formation potential assessment of VOCs from typical metal packaging plants [J]. Atmosphere, 2021,13(1):57-57.
[12] Tan Q, Liu H, Xie S, et al. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and source origins of volatile organic compounds in a megacity of Sichuan Basin, China [J]. Environmental Research, 2020, 185109478.
[13] Zhou Z, Tan Q, Deng Y, et al. Compilation of emission inventory and source profile database for volatile organic compounds: A case study for Sichuan, China [J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2020,11(1):105-116.
[14] Wang Q L, Li S J, Dong M L, et al. VOCs emission characteristics and priority control analysis based on VOCs emission inventories and ozone formation potentials in Zhoushan, Atmospheric Environment, 2018,18:234-241.
[15] 王东方.工业园区典型VOCs污染过程精细化溯源 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2022,42(2):585-592.Wang D F, Fine source tracing of typical VOCs pollution episodes around industrial park. [J]. China Environmental Science, 2022,42(2): 585-592.
[16] 王星,霍艾迪,吕继强,等.关中地区大气臭氧污染变化特征及其来源解析 [J]. 环境科学, 2024,45(7):3789-3798.Wang X, Huo A D, LV J Q, et al. Variation characteristics and source analysis of atmospheric ozone pollution in Guanzhong Region [J]. Environmental Science, 2024,45(7):3789-3798.
[17] 王静晞,曹国良,韩蕾,等.关中地区人为源大气污染物排放清单研究 [J]. 安全与环境学报, 2015,15(5):282-287.Wang J X, Cao G L, Han L, et al. Probe to the anthropogenic air pollutant emission inventory in Guanzhong Region, Shaanxi [J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2015,15(5):282-287.
[18] Li J H, D S X, T A, et al. Spatial characteristics of VOCs and their ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potentials in autumn and winter in the Guanzhong Plain, China. [J]. Environmental research, 2022,211113036-113036.
[19] 卢立栋,王浩,李媛媛,等.关中地区典型煤化工行业VOCs排放系数与特征研究 [J]. 煤化工, 2022,50(4):15-20.Lu L D, Wang H, Li Y Y, et al. Research on property of jet fuel from direct coal liquefaction process and its airworthiness certification process [J]. Coal Chemical Industry, 2022,50(4):15-20.
[20] 敖泽林,王红磊,徐灿,等.西安大气挥发性有机物污染特征及臭氧生成潜势分析 [EB/OL]. 地球与环境, (2024-07-04).http://kns.cnki. net/kcms/detail/52.1139.p.20240702.1441.002.html.Ao Z L, Wang H L, Xu C, et al. Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution and Ozone Generation Potential in xi'an [EB/OL]. Earth and Environment. (2024-07-04).http://kns.cnki. net/kcms/detail/52.1139. p.20240702.1441.002.html.
[21] Xue Y G, Wang L Q, Liu S X, et al. High impact of vehicle and solvent emission on the ambient volatile organic compounds in a major city of northwest China [J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2022,33(5):2753-2756.
[22] DB 61/T 1061-2017 挥发性有机物排放控制标准 [S].DB 61/T 1061-2017 Emission control standard of volatile organic compounds [S].
[23] GB/T16157-1996 固定污染源排气中颗粒物测定与气态污染物采样方法 [S]. GB/T 16157-1996 The determination of particulates and sampling methods of gaseous pollutants from exhaust gas of stationary source [S].
[24] HJ 759-2015 环境空气挥发性有机物的测定罐采样/气相色谱-质谱法 [S].HJ 759-2015 Ambient air-Determination of volatile organic compounds-Collected by specially-prepared canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [S].
[25] HJ/T 397-2007 固定源废气监测技术规范 [S]. HJ/T 397-2007 Technical specifications for emission monitoring of stationary source [S].
[26] HJ/T 373-2007 固定污染源监测质量保证与质量控制技术规范(试行) [S]. HJ/T 373-2007 Technical specifications of quality assurance and quality control for monitoring of stationary pollution source(on trial) [S].
[27] Zhang Y N, Xue L K, Carter W P L, et al. Development of ozone reactivity scales for volatile organic compounds in a Chinese megacity [J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021,21(14):11053-11068.
[28] Zhang C, Song Y, Wang H, et al. Observation-based estimations of relative ozone impacts by using volatile organic compounds reactivities [J]. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2022, 9(1):10-15.
[29] Carter P W, H G. Development of revised SAPRC aromatics mechanisms [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013,77:404-414.
[30] GROSJEAN D. In situ organic aerosol formation during a smog episode: Estimated production and chemical functionality [J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1992,26(6):953-963.
[31] GROSJEAN D, Seinfeld J H. Parameterization of the formation potential of secondary organic aerosols [J]. Atmospheric Environment (1967), 1989,23(8):1733-1747.
[32] 汪世宁,崔江水,罗弘宇,等.印刷行业典型挥发性有机物的排放特征与管控措施综述 [J]. 环境工程, 2023,41(S1):306-313,319.Wang S N, Cui J S, Luo H Y, et al. A review of emission characteristics and control measures of typical volatile organic compounds in the printing industry [J]. Environmental Engineering, 2023,41(S1):306-313,319.
[33] 梁小明,陈来国,孙西勃,等.基于原料类型及末端治理的典型溶剂使用源VOCs排放系数 [J]. 环境科学, 2019,40(10):4382-4394.Liang X M, Chen L G, Sun X B, et al. Raw materials and end treatment-based emission factors for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from typical solvent use sources [J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(10):4382-4394.
[34] 刘文文,方莉,郭秀锐,等.京津冀地区典型印刷企业VOCs排放特征及臭氧生成潜势分析 [J]. 环境科学, 2019,40(9):3942-3948.Liu W W, Fang L, Guo X R, et al. Emission characteristics and ozone formation potential of VOCs in printing enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei [J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(9):3942-3948.
[35] 李巧萍,吴凯露,吕星安,等.东阳市工业园区大气污染物时空分布特征分析 [J]. 环境污染与防治, 2023,45(12):1689-1694,1698.Li Q P, Wu K L, Hua X H, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric pollutants in Dongyang industrial park [J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2023,45(12):1689-1694,1698.
[36] 刘瑞,姚震,化晓卉,等.北京市典型溶剂使用类园区VOCs污染特征及来源解析 [J]. 环境科学, 2024,45(10):5661-5670.Liu R, Yao Z, Hua X H, et al. Pollution characteristics and source apportionment of volatile Organic Compounds in Typical Solvent-used Industrial Parks in Beijing [J]. Environmental Science, 2024,45 (10):5661-5670.
[37] 莫梓伟,陆思华,李悦,等.北京市典型溶剂使用企业VOCs排放成分特征 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(2):374-380.Mo Z W, Lu S H, Li Y, et al. Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from typical solvent use factories in Beijing [J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(2):374-380.
[38] Liang X M, Sun X B, Xu J T, et al. Improved emissions inventory and VOCs speciation for industrial OFP estimation in China [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020,745:140838.
[39] 包亦姝,王斌,邓也,等.成都市典型有机溶剂使用行业VOCs组成成分谱及臭氧生成潜势研究 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2020,40(1):76-82.Bao Y Z, Wang B, Deng Y, et al. Source profiles and ozone formation potential of VOCs emitted from typical industries using organic solvents in Chengdu [J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2020, 40(1):76-82.
[40] Huang H, Wang Z, Dai C, et al. Species profile and reactivity of volatile organic compounds emission in solvent uses, industry activities and from vehicular tunnels [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2024,135:546-559.
[41] 杨杨,杨静,尹沙沙,等.珠江三角洲印刷行业VOCs组分排放清单及关键活性组分 [J]. 环境科学研究, 2013,26(3):326-333.Yang Y, Yang J, Yin S S, et al. Speciated VOCs emission inventory and key species from printing industry in the Pearl River Delta Region [J]. Environmental Science Research, 2013,26(3):326-333.
[42] 黄俊霖,邱向阳,程义君,等.深圳市典型溶剂使用源VOCs排放特征、治理现状与减排对策 [J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2022,12(5):1609-1617.Huang J L, Qiu X Y, Cheng Y J, et al. Emission characteristics, treatment status and mitigation countermeasures of volatile organic compounds from typical solvent sources in Shenzhen City [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2022,12(5):1609-1617.
[43] 齐一谨,倪经纬,赵东旭,等.郑州市典型工业企业VOCs排放特征及风险评估 [J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(7):3056-3065.Qi Y J, Ni J W, Zhao D X, et al. Emission characteristics and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds from typical factories in Zhengzhou [J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(7):3056-3065.
[44] 齐一谨,倪经纬,赵东旭,等.邢台市典型行业VOCs排放特征研究 [J]. 环境科学研究, 2021,34(10):2339-2349.QI Y J, NI J W, ZHAO D X, et al. Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from typicalindustrial sectors in Xingtai City [J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2021,34(10):2339-2349.
[45] 刘厚凤,李明燕,许鹏举,等.某沿海城市典型行业NMHCs排放特征及对二次污染物生成潜势研究 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2021,41(2): 395-405.Liu H F, Li M Y, Xu P J, et al. Emission characteristics and the formation potential for secondary pollutants of NMHCs from typical industries in a coastal city [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2021, 41(2):395-405.