挥发性有机物(VOCs)是造成汽车室内异味污染的重要物质之一,纳米结构水离子(EWNS)技术可产生大量羟基自由基降解VOCs,但对于异味VOCs的去除缺少系统研究.使用TD-GC-MS对9辆汽车进行VOCs成分离线分析,根据综合评分法确定实际车内的主要异味VOCs.后在实验车内添加依据检出异味VOCs的平均浓度比配置的混标气体,使用EWNS进行降解,测定其对异味VOCs的降解效率,并进行人体健康风险评估.结果表明,车内VOCs中脂肪族化合物数量最多(7种)而芳香族化合物的检出率和检出浓度最高,通过异味识别综合得分排名情况选择间二甲苯、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、邻二甲苯、正丁醇和正己醛为代表性异味VOCs.经过EWNS治理后,对各代表性异味VOCs物质有明显的去除效果,其中对甲苯去除达到92.8%.然而EWNS在车内的放置位置不同,降解效率存在一定的差异,后排的去除效果优于前排,可能与羟基自由基的扩散效率有关.同时,苯和乙苯的致癌风险显著降低,从致癌风险下降到无风险.
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified as chemicals that caused odor pollution in cars. Nanostructured water ion (EWNS) technology was demonstrated to be capable of producing large amounts of hydroxyl radicals to degrade VOCs, though systematic research on odor VOC removal had not been conducted. In this study, VOCs components from 9cars were first analyzed offline using TD-GC-MS, and the main odor VOCs in actual car interiors were determined through the comprehensive scoring method. A mixture gas containing the average concentration ratio of detected odor VOCs was then introduced into the experimental vehicle, where degradation efficiency was evaluated using EWNS technology. Human health risk assessment was also performed. The results revealed that aliphatic compounds were detected most frequently (7species) in car interior VOCs, while aromatic compounds were found to have the highest detection rate and concentration. Through odor identification scoring, xylene, toluene, ethyl acetate, o-xylene, n-butanol, and hexanal were selected as representative odor VOCs. After EWNS treatment, significant removal effects were observed for all representative odor VOCs, with toluene removal rate being recorded at 92.8%. However, EWNS degradation efficiency was found to vary with placement locations in the vehicle, where better removal effects were achieved in rear positions compared to front positions, potentially associated with hydroxyl radical diffusion efficiency. Meanwhile, the carcinogenic risks of benzene and ethylbenzene were significantly reduced, transitioning from carcinogenic risk to risk-free status.
关键词
健康风险评估 /
纳米结构水离子(EWSN) /
汽车室内VOCs /
异味识别 /
治理方法
Key words
automotive interior VOCs /
EWSN /
governance methods /
health risk assessment /
odor recognition
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基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42327806); 浙江省领雁计划项目(2022C03073)
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