三峡水库高水位运行期典型支流库湾溶存CH4空间异质性

张鑫毅; 刘佳; 肖尚斌; 陈敏; 康满春; 杨正健; 纪道斌; 孟江槐; 李鸿

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5) : 2875-2883.

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三峡水库高水位运行期典型支流库湾溶存CH₄空间异质性

张鑫毅^1,2, 刘佳^1,2,3, 肖尚斌^1,2, 陈敏^1,2, 康满春^1,2, 杨正健^1,2, 纪道斌^1,2, 孟江槐^1,2, 李鸿¹

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Spatial heterogeneity of dissolved CH₄ in typical tributary bays of the Three Gorges Reservoir during high water level operation

ZHANG Xin-yi^1,2, LIU Jia^1,2,3, XIAO Shang-bin^1,2, CHEN Min^1,2, KANG Man-chun^1,2, YANG Zheng-jian^1,2, JI Dao-bin^1,2, MENG Jiang-huai^1,2, LI Hong¹

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摘要

为探讨三峡水库高水位运行时期,长江干流倒灌对支流库湾溶存CH₄分布的影响,以库区三条典型支流:小江、大宁河、神农溪库湾为研究对象,采用新型快速水-气平衡装置(FaRAGE)耦合温室气体分析仪对水体溶解甲烷(CH₄)浓度进行空间监测.结果表明,不同支流库湾的CH₄浓度存在差异,平均CH₄浓度分别为小江(0.06±0.02)μmol/L、大宁河(0.17±0.12)μmol/L、神农溪(0.16±0.14)μmol/L,且表现出不同的空间异质性.小江库湾溶解CH₄浓度呈现出中游表层高底层低的分布特征,上下游则呈现底层浓度高于表层的规律.大宁河库湾与神农溪库湾的CH₄分布相似,均表现为上游浓度高于下游,且底层浓度高于表层.三条支流库湾自身的环境因子影响溶解CH₄浓度的分布规律,而干流倒灌形成的异重流,不仅稀释库湾的溶解CH₄浓度,还通过影响支流库湾的水文水动力过程间接改变库湾溶解CH4浓度的时空分布,这种综合作用揭示了库湾生态系统中CH₄产生与消耗的复杂动态过程,对于理解和预测库湾温室气体排放具有重要意义.

Abstract

To investigate the impact of density currents brought by the mainstream of Yangtze River on the distribution of dissolved CH₄ in its tributaries, three representative tributaries-Xiaojiang, Daning, and Shennong Rivers were selected as the study sites. Spatial measurements of dissolved methane (CH₄) concentrations in the surface water were conducted using a Fast-Response Automated Gas Equilibrator (FaRAGE) coupled with a greenhouse gas analyzer. The results were shown to vary in CH₄ concentrations among the tributaries, with average concentrations being (0.06±0.02)μmol/L in Xiaojiang, (0.17±0.12)μmol/L in Daning, and (0.16±0.14)μmol/L in Shennong Bays. The CH₄ concentrations in these three bays were also found to exhibit distinct spatial heterogeneities. In Xiaojiang Bay, a pattern was observed where high surface concentrations and low bottom concentrations were present in the midstream, while higher concentrations were found at the bottom compared to the surface in both the upstream and downstream areas. Comparable distribution patterns of CH₄ concentrations were noted in Daning Bay and Shennong Bay, characterized by higher concentrations upstream compared to downstream, and higher concentrations at the bottom layer relative to the surface layer. It was found that the distribution of dissolved CH₄ concentrations in the tributary bays was influenced by environmental factors. Furthermore, the density currents from the mainstream were not only found to dilute the dissolved CH₄concentrations in the bays but also indirectly altered their distributions by influencing the hydrological and hydrodynamic processes within the tributary bays. The integrated effects revealed the complex dynamic processes of CH₄ production and consumption within the bay ecosystems, which were of great significance for understanding and predicting the greenhouse gas emissions from the bays of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

导出引用

张鑫毅, 刘佳, 肖尚斌, 陈敏, 康满春, 杨正健, 纪道斌, 孟江槐, 李鸿. 三峡水库高水位运行期典型支流库湾溶存CH₄空间异质性[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(5): 2875-2883

ZHANG Xin-yi, LIU Jia, XIAO Shang-bin, CHEN Min, KANG Man-chun, YANG Zheng-jian, JI Dao-bin, MENG Jiang-huai, LI Hong. Spatial heterogeneity of dissolved CH₄ in typical tributary bays of the Three Gorges Reservoir during high water level operation[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(5): 2875-2883

中图分类号： X171.4

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