城市湖泊沉积物微塑料赋存特征和生态风险

李波; 谢建雲; 洪滨; 蔡宴朋; 彭进平; 李博文; 贾群坡

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6) : 3289-3298.

环境生态

城市湖泊沉积物微塑料赋存特征和生态风险

李波^1,2, 谢建雲¹, 洪滨³, 蔡宴朋², 彭进平⁴, 李博文², 贾群坡⁵

作者信息 +

Occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of microplastic in sediments from an urban lake

LI Bo^1,2, XIE Jian-yun¹, HONG Bin³, CAI Yan-peng², PENG Jin-ping⁴, LI Bo-wen², JIA Qun-po⁵

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文章历史 +

摘要

以粤港澳大湾区典型城市湖泊(星湖)为研究区,使用密度浮选方法提取表层沉积物中微塑料,研究微塑料时空赋存特征,揭示微塑料潜在生态风险,并对微塑料丰度的空间自相关性进行分析.结果表明,丰水期和枯水期星湖表层沉积物微塑料平均丰度分别为(637±392),(1765±883)particles/kg,颜色以蓝色和黑色为主,形状以线条为主,尺寸集中在100~2000μm范围,人造丝、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯是主要的聚合物类型.不同时期,星湖表层沉积物微塑料丰度均具有强烈的空间自相关性,其微塑料采样间隔应低于435m.同时,丰水期和枯水期星湖表层沉积物微塑料综合潜在生态风险指数平均值分别为53.09和344.08,分别处于轻微和很强风险水平,且人造丝微塑料潜在生态风险较高.

Abstract

A typical urban lake (Xinghu Lake) in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area was selected as the study area, and the density flotation method was used to extract microplastics from surface sediments. The spatiotemporal occurrence characteristics of microplastic were presented, and the potential ecological risks of microplastic were revealed, and the spatial autocorrelation of microplastic abundance was analyzed. The results showed that the average abundances of microplastic in surface sediments of Xinghu Lake were (637±392) and (1765±883) particles/kg during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Here, the colors of microplastic were mainly blue and black, lines were the dominant microplastic shapes, and the size of microplastic was concentrated in the range of 100 to 2000μm. Rayon, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate were the main polymer types of microplastic in surface sediments of Xinghu Lake during the wet and dry seasons. The abundances of microplastic in surface sediments of Xinghu Lake showed a strong spatial autocorrelation during different seasons, and the sampling interval for microplastic should be less than 435m here. Meanwhile, the average comprehensive potential ecological risk indexes of microplastic in surface sediments of Xinghu Lake were 53.0 9and 344.08 during the wet and dry seasons, which were the slight and very strong risk levels, respectively. Furthermore, the potential ecological risks of rayon microplastics were relatively high.

导出引用

李波, 谢建雲, 洪滨, 蔡宴朋, 彭进平, 李博文, 贾群坡. 城市湖泊沉积物微塑料赋存特征和生态风险[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(6): 3289-3298

LI Bo, XIE Jian-yun, HONG Bin, CAI Yan-peng, PENG Jin-ping, LI Bo-wen, JIA Qun-po. Occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of microplastic in sediments from an urban lake[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(6): 3289-3298

中图分类号： X524

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