典型电子工业企业周边有机磷酸酯的环境污染特征及其人群健康风险评估

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6) : 3460-3471.

环境毒理与健康

典型电子工业企业周边有机磷酸酯的环境污染特征及其人群健康风险评估

吕占禄^1,2, 郑玲¹, 朱婷婷³, 叶璞³, 贵春燕^1,4, 罗斌⁴, 郭凌川¹

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The pollution characteristics and population health risk assessment of organopho sphorus esters around the typical electronic industry

LÜ Zhan-lu^1,2, ZHENG Ling¹, ZHU Ting-ting³, YE Pu³, GUI Chun-yan^1,4, LUO Bin⁴, GUO Ling-Chuan¹

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摘要

为探究有机磷酸酯(OPEs)在电子工业周边环境行为,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪(UPLC-MS/MS)测定深圳市典型电子行业企业周边环境土壤、大气和废水样品中18种OPEs的浓度水平,使用相关性分析和主成分分析解析其污染来源,并评估不同年龄段人群的健康风险水平.结果表明各环境介质中18种OPEs的检出率在40.9%~100.0%之间,在34个土壤样品、21个大气样品和30个废水样品中∑18OPEs的均值分别为283ng/g(12.2~857ng/g)、4.48×10⁵pg/m³(3.12×103~2.95×10⁶pg/m³)和1.11×10⁶ng/L(5.39×10⁵~2.73×10⁶ng/L),三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)磷酸酯(AO168=O)、三(4-叔丁基苯基)磷酸酯(T4tBPP)、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯(TCPP)和双酚A双(二苯基磷酸酯)(BPADP)是各介质中主要的OPEs;相关性和主成分分析结果表明,电子行业企业周边环境中OPEs污染主要受工业生产排放和交通排放的影响.不同年龄段人群经多种途径暴露于土壤和大气中OPEs的非致癌和致癌健康风险处于可接受水平,但OPEs长期累积暴露的健康风险依然不容忽视.

Abstract

To investigate the environmental behavior of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the surroundings of the electronics industry, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the concentration levels of 18 OPEs in soil, atmospheric, and wastewater samples, which were collected from surrounding areas of typical electronic industry enterprises in Shenzhen. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to identify pollution sources, and the health risk levels of people of different age groups were evaluated. The results indicated that the detection rates of 18 OPEs in various environmental media were found to range between 40.9% and 100.0%. In 34 soil samples, 21 atmospheric samples, and 30 wastewater samples, the mean concentrations of ∑18 OPEs were determined to be 283ng/g (12.2~857ng/g), 4.48×10⁵ pg/m³(3.12×10³~2.95×10⁶ pg/m³), and 1.11×10⁶ ng/L (5.39×10⁵~2.73×10⁶ ng/L), respectively. Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (AO168=O), tris(4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (T4tBPP), tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP), and bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BPADP) were identified as the predominant OPEs across all media. The correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) results demonstrated that OPE contamination in the vicinity of electronic industry enterprises was predominantly influenced by industrial production emissions and traffic-related discharges. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks associated with multi-pathway exposure to OPEs in soil and atmospheric media across different age groups were found to remain within acceptable thresholds; however, the health risks posed by long-term cumulative OPE exposure were identified as requiring sustained scientific attention.

导出引用

吕占禄, 郑玲, 朱婷婷, 叶璞, 贵春燕, 罗斌, 郭凌川. 典型电子工业企业周边有机磷酸酯的环境污染特征及其人群健康风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(6): 3460-3471

LÜ Zhan-lu, ZHENG Ling, ZHU Ting-ting, YE Pu, GUI Chun-yan, LUO Bin, GUO Ling-Chuan. The pollution characteristics and population health risk assessment of organopho sphorus esters around the typical electronic industry[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(6): 3460-3471

中图分类号： X503.1

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