边界层大气中甲酸的垂直分布及来源特征

乌日娜; 宋鑫; 郑燊; 张春生; 刘爱明; 杨红龙; 张潇潇; 刘思利; 周俊; 吴艳峰; 郝怡忻; 李小兵; 袁斌; 邵敏

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7) : 3614-3621.

大气污染与控制

边界层大气中甲酸的垂直分布及来源特征

乌日娜¹, 宋鑫¹, 郑燊¹, 张春生², 刘爱明², 杨红龙², 张潇潇¹, 刘思利¹, 周俊¹, 吴艳峰¹, 郝怡忻¹, 李小兵¹, 袁斌¹, 邵敏¹

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Vertical distribution and source characteristics of formic acid in atmospheric boundary layer.

WU Ri-na¹, SONG Xin¹, ZHENG Shen¹, ZHANG Chun-sheng², LIU Ai-ming², YANG Hong-long², ZHANG Xiao-xiao¹, LIU Si-li¹, ZHOU Jun¹, WU Yan-feng¹, HAO Yi-xin¹, LI Xiao-bing¹, YUAN Bin¹, SHAO Min¹

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摘要

为探究边界层大气中甲酸的垂直分布与来源特征,于2021年秋季在深圳石岩气象梯度塔,基于碘离子源化学电离质谱技术和管路引流技术,开展了自地表至335m之间6个高度上甲酸及相关污染物的在线测量.结果显示,观测期间地面高度大气中的平均甲酸浓度为0.7×10^-9,低于国内外其他城市和地区已有报道的浓度水平.在垂直尺度上,随高度增加,甲酸浓度在日间和夜间均呈现出先升高后下降的分布特征,在120m高度上出现峰值,并且该峰值在日间更加突出.进一步通过与臭氧、NO_x、PM_2.5等污染物的相关分析结果表明,观测点位大气中甲酸来源受一次排放和二次生成的综合影响,并且甲酸的主要来源存在垂直分布变化:120m高度以下受机动车尾气直接排放贡献更加显著,而120m及以上高度则主要由光化学反应二次生成贡献.

Abstract

To investigate the vertical distribution and source characteristics of formic acid in the atmospheric boundary layer, online measurements of formic acid and related air pollutants were conducted at six heights from the ground level to 335m in autumn 2021 using iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry (I-CIMS) coupled with a multi-inlet tubing system at the Shiyan Meteorological Gradient Tower in Shenzhen. Results revealed that the average ground-level formic acid concentration during the campaign was 0.7 ppb, lower than previously reported values from other regions globally. Vertically, formic acid concentrations exhibited a consistent height-dependent pattern with an initial increase followed by a decrease, peaking at 120m during both daytime and nighttime. This vertical maximum was particularly pronounced in daylight hours. Correlation analyses with co-measured pollutants (ozone, NO_x, PM_2.5) demonstrated that the sources of formic acid were influenced by both primary emissions and secondary formation. A vertical stratification of sources was identified: contributions below 120m predominantly originated from direct emissions of vehicle exhausts, while photochemical secondary formation became the dominant source above 120m.

导出引用

乌日娜, 宋鑫, 郑燊, 张春生, 刘爱明, 杨红龙, 张潇潇, 刘思利, 周俊, 吴艳峰, 郝怡忻, 李小兵, 袁斌, 邵敏. 边界层大气中甲酸的垂直分布及来源特征[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(7): 3614-3621

WU Ri-na, SONG Xin, ZHENG Shen, ZHANG Chun-sheng, LIU Ai-ming, YANG Hong-long, ZHANG Xiao-xiao, LIU Si-li, ZHOU Jun, WU Yan-feng, HAO Yi-xin, LI Xiao-bing, YUAN Bin, SHAO Min. Vertical distribution and source characteristics of formic acid in atmospheric boundary layer.[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(7): 3614-3621

中图分类号： X51

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