灌河淮河近海污染物扩散数值模拟研究

王弋; 王俊; 冯慕华; 陈雯; 张思毅

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7) : 3954-3967.

环境生态

灌河淮河近海污染物扩散数值模拟研究

王弋¹, 王俊¹, 冯慕华², 陈雯², 张思毅³

作者信息 +

Numerical simulation study on pollutant diffusion near the Guanhe River and Huaihe River.

WANG Yi¹, WANG Jun¹, FENG Mu-hua², CHEN Wen², ZHANG Si-yi³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

通过在2022年10月30日~11月1日、2023年6月12日~6月14日期间对灌河、淮河河道及其近海海域进行水质采样;采用有机污染指数、氮磷比和富营养化指数法对该区域的水体富营养化情况进行评价,并基于Delft3D模型,构建了江苏省北部灌河及淮河近海三维水动力水质模型,模拟了包括COD、NH₃-N、叶绿素a (Chl-a)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的输移转化过程,并设置了不同入海河道排污量(降低20%、50%、增加30%)以及不同时段排污(正常排污及河口闸门落潮时段排污)的6种不同排污情景.结果表明,灌河和淮河近海的水质浓度分布具有明显的时空分布特性,其中COD、NH₃-N、Chl-a、TN平均浓度夏季高于冬季,在空间分布上,灌河河道COD平均浓度低于河口近海区域,NH₃-N、Chl-a、TN、TP平均浓度沿淮河河道向河口持续降低,研究区整体水质浓度呈现出自入海河道向河口近海区域扇形扩散的趋势.未来多情景模拟结果表明,排污量降低50%且落潮时段开闸排污能最大程度降低研究区污染物浓度.

Abstract

In recent years, frequent coastal water environmental issues have been caused by economic and population development. In this study, water quality sampling was conducted in the Guan River, Huai River, and their adjacent coastal areas from October 30 to November 1, 2022, and from June 12 to June 14, 2023. The eutrophication status of the water bodies in the region was evaluated using the organic pollution index, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio, and eutrophication index method. Based on the Delft3D model, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model was established for the coastal areas of the Guan River and Huai River in northern Jiangsu Province. The transport and transformation processes of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were simulated. Six different discharge scenarios were designed, including varying the pollutant discharge volume from the rivers (reduced by 20%, reduced by 50%, and increased by 30%) and different discharge timings (normal discharge and discharge during ebb tide when estuary gates were opened). The results showed that the water quality concentration distribution in the coastal areas of the Guan River and Huai River exhibited significant temporal and spatial characteristics. The average concentrations of COD, NH₃-N, Chl-a, and TN were higher in summer than in winter. Spatially, the average COD concentration in the Guan River channel was lower than that in the estuarine coastal area, while the average concentrations of NH₃-N, Chl-a, TN, and TP gradually decreased along the Huai River channel toward the estuary. The overall water quality concentration in the study area displayed a fan-shaped diffusion trend from the river channels to the estuarine coastal zone. Future scenario simulations indicated that reducing the discharge volume by 50% and discharging pollutants during ebb tide when the gates were opened could most effectively reduce pollutant concentrations in the study area.

导出引用

王弋, 王俊, 冯慕华, 陈雯, 张思毅. 灌河淮河近海污染物扩散数值模拟研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(7): 3954-3967

WANG Yi, WANG Jun, FENG Mu-hua, CHEN Wen, ZHANG Si-yi. Numerical simulation study on pollutant diffusion near the Guanhe River and Huaihe River.[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(7): 3954-3967

中图分类号： X522

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