IFAS系统同步短程硝化/反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化启动特性

汪天浩; 周鑫; 邸达

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8) : 4266-4274.

水污染与控制

IFAS系统同步短程硝化/反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化启动特性

汪天浩, 周鑫, 邸达

作者信息 +

Start-up characteristics of simultaneous shortcut nitrification and denitrification coupled with anammox in an IFAS system

WANG Tian-hao, ZHOU Xin, DI Da

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摘要

采用生物膜-活性污泥复合系统(IFAS)处理高氨氮有机模拟废水,通过逐步提高进水氨氮浓度(50~300mg/L)及低氧控制(DO:0.15mg/L),经83d运行成功实现了短程硝化反硝化与厌氧氨氧化耦合.随着氨氮浓度提高,出水亚硝酸盐显著积累.当进水氨氮浓度提高至300mg/L,反应器对COD、NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除率分别达95.3%、100%和93.1%,总氮去除负荷(NRR)达0.14kg/(m³·d).微生物活性测试表明生物膜相中厌氧氨氧化活性更高,而氨好氧氧化活性在污泥相更高.随着氨氮和COD浓度提高,胞外聚合物(EPS)分泌量增加且蛋白质/多糖(PN/PS)升高,促使系统具备了更强的抗冲击负荷能力和生物稳定性.微生物群落结果发现异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌(Acinetobacter)、厌氧氨氧化菌(Candidatus Brocadia、Candidatus Jettenia)主要在生物膜中富集,而亚硝化菌(Nitrosomonas)分布在污泥中,泥膜分离方式有助于不同脱氮菌群定向增殖.功能基因注释(KEGG)推测IFAS通过异养硝化/好氧反硝化和短程硝化反硝化/厌氧氨氧化协同脱氮.

Abstract

An integrated fixed-film activated sludge system (IFAS) was used to treat simulated wastewater with high-strength ammonia and organics in this study. The shortcut nitrification and denitrification coupled with anammox was successfully achieved after 83d operation through stepwise increase of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration (50~300mg/L) and low oxygen control (DO: 0.15mg/L). With the increase of ammonia nitrogen concentration, effluent nitrite accumulated significantly. When the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration increased to 300mg/L, the removal efficiencies of COD, NH₄⁺-N and TN reached 95.3%, 100% and 93.1%, respectively, and the total nitrogen removal loading rate (NRR) reached 0.14kg/(m³·d). The microbial activity test showed that the anammox activity was higher in the biofilm phase, while ammonia aerobic oxidation activity was higher in the sludge phase. With the increase of ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion and protein/ polysaccharide (PN/PS) increased, promoting stronger impact load resistance and biological stability of the system. Microbial community results found that heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrifier (Acinetobacter), anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Jettenia) were mainly enriched in biofilm, while partial nitrification bacteria (Nitrosomonas) was distributed in sludge.The sludge-biofilm separation mode facilitates directed proliferation of different nitrogen-removing bacteria.Functional gene annotation (KEGG) suggests that collaborative nitrogen removal in the IFAS system is via heterotrophic nitrification/aerobic denitrification and partial nitrification denitrification/anammox.

导出引用

汪天浩, 周鑫, 邸达. IFAS系统同步短程硝化/反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化启动特性[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(8): 4266-4274

WANG Tian-hao, ZHOU Xin, DI Da. Start-up characteristics of simultaneous shortcut nitrification and denitrification coupled with anammox in an IFAS system[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(8): 4266-4274

中图分类号： X703

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