富铁有机肥对重度苏打盐碱地土壤有机质及细菌群落的影响

邵玟玥; 于锐; 赵光影; 吴霞; 杨文聪; 袁宁; 梁梦月; 罗那那

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8) : 4458-4469.

土壤污染与控制

富铁有机肥对重度苏打盐碱地土壤有机质及细菌群落的影响

邵玟玥^1,2, 于锐², 赵光影^1,3,4, 吴霞^1,2, 杨文聪^1,2, 袁宁^1,2, 梁梦月^1,2, 罗那那²

作者信息 +

Effect of iron-rich organic fertilizer on soil organic matter and bacterial community in heavy soda saline-alkali soil

SHAO Wen-yue^1,2, YU Rui², ZHAO Guang-ying^1,3,4, WU Xia^1,2, YANG Wen-cong^1,2, YUAN Ning^1,2, LIANG Meng-yue^1,2, LUO Na-na²

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摘要

选取重度苏打盐碱地土壤,通过盆栽法培养水稻,以不施加有机肥为空白对照(CK),研究普通有机肥(M0)、1%生物炭负载纳米Fe₃O₄(BC-Fe₃O₄NPs)添加堆制有机肥(M1)和1%生物炭负载纳米铁粒子(BC-FeNPs)添加堆制有机肥(M2)的施加对土壤理化性质、养分有效性、酶活性及细菌群落变化的影响.结果表明:与M0相比,M2处理可溶性盐含量显著降低23.31% (P<0.05).与M0相比,施加富铁有机肥增加了苏打盐碱地土壤总有机碳含量,增幅达4.95%.与M0相比,施加M2使铁结合态有机碳(Fe-OC)含量显著提升66.92%.与CK相比,有机肥使土壤速效钾、速效磷含量分别增加262.51%~521.28%、222.99%~311.85%.与M0相比,M2处理能显著提升土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,并能显著提高土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性,显著提高土壤中变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度.上述细菌菌门的相对丰度与盐碱土速效养分含量呈正相关.因此,1%BC-FeNPs堆制的有机肥能够显著降低土壤可溶性盐含量,通过促进Fe-OC形成从而显著提高总有机碳含量,提高细菌群落丰富度和多样性,有利于重度苏打盐碱地土壤培肥.

Abstract

A heavy soda saline soil was seleeted and rice was cultivated rice by potting method without applying organic fertilizers as a blank control (CK) to study the effects of application of common organic fertilizer (M0), 1% biochar loaded nano Fe₃O₄ (BC-Fe₃O₄ NPs) added composted organic fertilizer (M1) and 1% biochar loaded iron nanoparticles (BC-FeNPs) added composted organic fertilizer (M2) on the effects of soil physicochemical properties, nutrient effectiveness, enzyme activity and bacterial community changes. The results showed that the soluble salt content was significantly reduced by 23.31% (P<0.05) in M2treatment compared with M0. Compared with M0, the application of iron-rich organic fertilizer increased the total organic carbon content of soda saline soil by 4.95%. Compared with M0, the application of M2 significantly increased the content of Fe-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) by 66.92%. Compared with CK, organic fertilizers increased soil quick-acting potassium and quick-acting phosphorus contents by 262.51%~521.28% and 222.99%~311.85%, respectively. Compared with M0, M2 treatment significantly increased the activities of sucrase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase, as well as the abundance and diversity of soil bacterial communities, and the relative abundance of Aspergillus, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria in the soil. The relative abundance of the above bacterial phyla was positively correlated with the fast-acting nutrient content of saline soil. Therefore, 1% BC-FeNPs composted organic fertilizer can significantly reduce soil soluble salt content, significantly increase total organic carbon content by promoting Fe-OC formation, and increase the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities, which is conducive to the fertilization of heavy soda saline soils.

导出引用

邵玟玥, 于锐, 赵光影, 吴霞, 杨文聪, 袁宁, 梁梦月, 罗那那. 富铁有机肥对重度苏打盐碱地土壤有机质及细菌群落的影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(8): 4458-4469

SHAO Wen-yue, YU Rui, ZHAO Guang-ying, WU Xia, YANG Wen-cong, YUAN Ning, LIANG Meng-yue, LUO Na-na. Effect of iron-rich organic fertilizer on soil organic matter and bacterial community in heavy soda saline-alkali soil[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(8): 4458-4469

中图分类号： X53 X712 S158.5

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