中温下短程反硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物膜工艺脱氮特性研究

张宗磊; 赵骥; 陈啸洋; 邱艳玲; 冯娟; 于德爽; 王晓霞

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9) : 4955-4964.

水污染与控制

中温下短程反硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物膜工艺脱氮特性研究

张宗磊, 赵骥, 陈啸洋, 邱艳玲, 冯娟, 于德爽, 王晓霞

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Characteristics of nitrogen removal by partial denitrification-anammox biofilm process (PDA-Bf) at mesophilic temperature

ZHANG Zong-lei, ZHAO Ji, CHEN Xiao-yang, QIU Yan-ling, FENG Juan, YU De-shuang, WANG Xiao-xia

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摘要

采用短程反硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物膜系统(PDA-Bf)处理模拟城市生活污水,重点探究其在中温条件(34℃)下的脱氮性能.经过317d的运行,结果表明,在进水碳氮比(C/N)为2.1的条件下,系统出水总氮(TN)浓度降低至10.94mg/L,平均TN去除率达到82.6%,且厌氧氨氧化途径在TN去除中的贡献占比随运行时间显著增加.研究发现,反硝化菌属Thauera和厌氧氨氧化菌属Candidatus Brocadia在生物膜中的丰度随运行时间显著提高,Thauera从第250d 0.37%增至第305d的4.11%,Ca.Brocadia从0.27%的升至到3.51%,二者协同效果良好.生物膜外层中编码硝酸盐还原的narG(55152hits)、narH(35866hits)和narI(16506hits)基因丰度较高,表明该区域适合反硝化菌生长,为厌氧氨氧化反应(Anammox)提供亚硝酸盐;与外层相比,生物膜内层中与Anammox相关的hdh(1174hits)基因丰度较高,且亚硝酸盐还原基因nirK(13400hits)和nirS(3954hits)丰度较低,维持了较高的亚硝酸盐浓度,为厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)创造了适宜环境.这种微生物群落的分层结构表明,生物膜外层和内层分别适合Thauera和Ca. Brocadia的生长,共同促进了系统的高效脱氮性能.

Abstract

This study employed a partial denitrification-Anammox biofilm system (PDA-Bf) to treat simulated municipal wastewater, with a focus on exploring its nitrogen removal performance under mesophilic conditions (34℃). After 317 days of operation, the results indicated that under an influent carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 2.1, the total nitrogen (TN) concentration in the effluent was reduced to 10.94mg/L, with an average TN removal rate of 82.6%. Moreover, the contribution of the Anammox pathway to TN removal significantly increased over time. The study found that the abundances of the denitrifying genus Thauera and the anammox genus Candidatus Brocadia in the biofilm significantly increased with operation time. Thauera increased from 0.37% on day 250 to 4.11% on day 305, and Ca. Brocadia rose from 0.27% to 3.51%. The two genera worked well in synergy. The outer layer of the biofilm had a high abundance of genes encoding nitrate reduction, such as narG (55152hits), narH (35866hits), and narI (16506hits), indicating that this area was suitable for the growth of denitrifying bacteria and provided nitrite for the Anammox reaction. In contrast, the inner layer of the biofilm had a higher abundance of the Anammox-related hdh gene (1174hits), and lower abundances of nitrite reduction genes nirK (13400hits) and nirS (3954hits), maintaining a higher nitrite concentration and creating a suitable environment for Anammox bacteria (AnAOB). This stratified microbial community structure suggests that the outer and inner layers of the biofilm are respectively suitable for the growth of Thauera and Ca. Brocadia, jointly promoting the efficient nitrogen removal performance of the system.

导出引用

张宗磊, 赵骥, 陈啸洋, 邱艳玲, 冯娟, 于德爽, 王晓霞. 中温下短程反硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物膜工艺脱氮特性研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(9): 4955-4964

ZHANG Zong-lei, ZHAO Ji, CHEN Xiao-yang, QIU Yan-ling, FENG Juan, YU De-shuang, WANG Xiao-xia. Characteristics of nitrogen removal by partial denitrification-anammox biofilm process (PDA-Bf) at mesophilic temperature[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(9): 4955-4964

中图分类号： X703

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