全球高山湖泊中新污染物的历史沉积记录研究

宋子壕; 丁洋; 李俊; 唐小燕; 刘威杰; 鲍乾; 孙喆; 邢新丽; 祁士华

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中国环境科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9) : 5190-5203.

新污染物

全球高山湖泊中新污染物的历史沉积记录研究

宋子壕¹, 丁洋^1,2, 李俊³, 唐小燕¹, 刘威杰², 鲍乾¹, 孙喆¹, 邢新丽², 祁士华²

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Sedimentary records of emerging contaminants in alpine lakes worldwide: A meta-analysis

SONG Zi-hao¹, DING Yang^1,2, LI Jun³, TANG Xiao-yan¹, LIU Wei-jie², BAO Qian¹, SUN Zhe¹, XING Xin-li², QI Shi-hua²

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摘要

为探索全球高山湖泊沉积物中新污染物的沉积历史、来源机制与生态风险,系统整合42篇文献中2026条新污染物监测数据,采用统一单位与浓度归一化的处理方法,以5年时间步长构建年代序列进行趋势分析.结果表明,全球高山湖泊沉积物中持久性有机污染物(POPs)总体处于较低水平,其中多环芳烃(PAHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)、六六六(HCHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)浓度范围分别为:0.160~2140ng/g、0.001~12.9ng/g、1.30~372ng/g、0.001~12.9ng/g和0.119~2.50ng/g.PAHs呈持续上升趋势,DDTs和HCHs呈现20世纪80年代和21世纪初两个沉积峰值,反映了人类活动产生的“一次源”排放及全球变暖驱动下的“二次源”释放.微塑料丰度(19~2640个/kg)整体较低但呈持续增长趋势,也与人类活动及气候变化相关.区域人类活动与全球气候变暖是影响高山地区新污染物沉积的主要因素.PAHs的毒性当量持续上升,生态风险不断增加;微塑料丰度较低但高危聚合物比例高,生态风险不容忽视.然而,当前与微塑料相关的沉积年代学研究较为缺乏,高山湖泊沉积物中新污染物的不可提取态残留物(NER)研究相对较少,内分泌干扰物和抗生素相关报道极为有限.未来亟待推进非洲高原等数据匮乏区域新污染物调查、加强共迁移物质等多种类新污染物协同研究.

Abstract

To explore the sedimentary history, sources, and ecological risks of emerging contaminants in global alpine lake sediments, 2,026 monitoring data points from 42 published studies were systematically integrated. Unit standardization and concentration normalization were applied, and temporal sequences with 5-year intervals were constructed for trend analysis. The results showed that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in global alpine lake sediments stayed at generally low levels, with concentrations of 0.160~2140, 0.001~12.9, 1.30~372, 0.001~12.9, and 0.119~2.50 ng/g for PAHs, DDTs, HCHs, PCBs, and PBDEs, respectively. Concentrations of PAHs showed a continuous rising trend, whereas concentrations of DDTs and HCHs exhibited two peaks in the 1980s and early 2000s, reflecting "primary source" emissions from human activities and "secondary source" releases driven by global warming. Microplastic abundance (19~2640 items/kg) remained relatively low overall but displayed an increasing trend, also related to human activities and climate change. The toxic equivalents of PAHs continues to rise, leading to increasing ecological risks; while microplastics exhibit relatively low abundance but high proportion of hazardous polymers, indicating non-negligible ecological threats. However, current research on microplastic chronological sequence in alpine lake sediments remains scarce; studies of non-extractable residues (NER) of emerging contaminants in alpine lake sediments are relatively limited; and reports on endocrine-disrupting compounds and antibiotics are extremely rare. Investigations on emerging contaminants in data-scarce regions such as the African plateau and research on multiple categories of emerging contaminants especially co-migrating substances are both needed in the future.

导出引用

宋子壕, 丁洋, 李俊, 唐小燕, 刘威杰, 鲍乾, 孙喆, 邢新丽, 祁士华. 全球高山湖泊中新污染物的历史沉积记录研究[J]. 中国环境科学. 2025, 45(9): 5190-5203

SONG Zi-hao, DING Yang, LI Jun, TANG Xiao-yan, LIU Wei-jie, BAO Qian, SUN Zhe, XING Xin-li, QI Shi-hua. Sedimentary records of emerging contaminants in alpine lakes worldwide: A meta-analysis[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(9): 5190-5203

中图分类号： X524 X592 P534.632

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