针对填埋场存量垃圾开挖处理过程中填埋气逸散、恶臭气体控制难度大的问题,在海南省某垃圾填埋场开展强曝气预处理现场试验.建立30m×30m的试验场地,打设注气井13口、抽气井12口和监测井16口,采用注气流量340m3/h、抽气流量360m3/h进行强曝气预处理实验,探究好氧强曝气对甲烷和恶臭气体的控制效果.结果表明:在第一次强曝气2h内试验区域氧气含量升至17%以上,原有填埋气被快速置换,甲烷平均含量下降至1.9%,硫化氢含量平均值由21.3mg/m3下降至5.7mg/m3,氨气含量平均值则由13.3mg/m3上升至286.7mg/m3,分析为强曝气扰动导致孔隙渗滤液中氨气析出所致.延长强曝气时间有利于抑制停止曝气后甲烷、硫化氢含量的反弹,第一次9d强曝气试验结束前:埋深4.5m和8.5m深度处甲烷含量分别降至0.33%和0.61%,硫化氢抑制率分别为81.0%和83.9%,停止曝气8h后甲烷含量回升至4%和6%以上,硫化氢抑制率下降至65.6%和74.1%;第二次30d强曝气试验停止48h后,甲烷浓度仍维持在3%之下,硫化氢抑制率维持在81%和91%.估算两次试验累积排出氨气约5779.6mol,占试验区域孔隙渗滤液中氨氮总含量的45%.对填埋堆体采取适当的短时间强曝气预处理,能够在开挖过程中对恶臭气体产生抑制效果.
Abstract
This paper focuses on the problems of landfill gas leakage and the difficulty in controlling malodorous gases during the landfilled waste excavation. A field trial was conducted on a 30m×30m site in a Hainan landfill, equipped with 13injection, 12 extraction, and 16 monitoring wells. An intensive aeration pretreatment experiment was conducted with a gas injection flow rate of 340m3/h and a gas extraction flow rate of 360m3/h to explore the control effects of aerobic intensive aeration on methane and malodorous gases. The results indicate that within 2h of the first intensive aeration, the ambient landfill gas was rapidly displaced, with the oxygen content in the test area exceeding to above 17%, the average methane content decreasing to 1.9%, and the average hydrogen sulfide content decreasing from 21.3mg/m3 to 5.7mg/m3. In contrast, ammonia levels rose sharply to 286.7mg/m3, which is attributed to the stripping of pore leachate by aeration-induced disturbance. Prolonging the aeration duration was found to be crucial for suppressing the rebound of methane and hydrogen sulfide after aeration ceased. After the first 9-day aeration test, methane concentrations at depths of 4.5m and 8.5m were reduced to 0.33% and 0.61%, with hydrogen sulfide inhibition rates of 81.0% and 83.9%, respectively. However, within 8hours of stopping aeration, methane levels rebounded to above 4% and 6%, and inhibition rates for hydrogen sulfide dropped to 65.6% and 74.1%. In contrast, after the second 30-day aeration test, methane concentrations remained below 3%, and hydrogen sulfide inhibition rates were maintained at 81% and 91%, even 48 hours post-aeration. It was estimated that the two trials cumulatively removed approximately 5779.6 mol of ammonia, accounting for 45% of the total ammonia nitrogen in the pore leachate of the test area. The study demonstrates that appropriate short-term, high-intensity aeration pretreatment can effectively inhibit odorous gas emissions during the subsequent excavation of landfill mass.
关键词
填埋堆体 /
强曝气 /
渗滤液 /
填埋气 /
恶臭气体 /
好氧预处理
Key words
landfill mass /
high-intensity aeration /
leachate /
landfill gas /
malodorous gases /
aerobic pretreatment
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3810300)
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