为探究填埋场堆体渗滤液液位、源头渗漏和地下水污染羽的动态变化规律,在南方某填埋场开展一个水文年的跟踪观测研究.结果表明,渗滤液液位与降雨量显著正相关,4个监测点SW1-1、SW1-2 、ZS1-2 和ZS1-3液位分别为4.4~5.8m、6.7~11.0m、4.3~6.3m、4.0~6.8m,年波动1.4~4.3m.估算渗滤液源头渗漏速率9.49~10.90m3/d.近坝区域受渗漏影响大,坝肩的QC1-19监测井NH4+-N随渗滤液液位的升高而增加,但在其下游快速衰减.污染羽范围随季节变化,雨季以源头渗漏主导,污染羽边界距垃圾坝超出120m,而旱季则由生化降解等自然衰减机制主导,边界处于渗漏源头附近.Mn浓度普遍较高且随ORP升高而降低,而Fe浓度变化规律不明显.NH4+-N浓度随pH值降低而升高,而CODCr与pH值的关系及CODCr、NH4+-N、NO3-与ORP之间的动态关系则较为复杂.
Abstract
To investigate the dynamic variation patterns of leachate levels within the landfill mound, source leakage, and groundwater contamination plumes, a one-hydrologic-year monitoring was conducted at a landfill site in southern China. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between leachate levels and rainfall. Levels at monitoring points SW1-1, SW1-2, ZS1-2, and ZS1-3 ranged from 4.4m to 5.8m, 6.7m to 11.0m, 4.3m to 6.3m, and 4.0m to 6.8m, respectively, exhibiting annual fluctuations of 1.4m to 4.3m. The estimated source leakage rate of leachate ranged from 9.49m3/d to 10.90m3/d. The areas close to the landfill dam were significantly impacted by leakage. NH4+-N concentrations at the landfill dam shoulder monitoring well QC1-19 increased with rising leachate levels but attenuated rapidly downstream. The spatial extent of the contamination plume exhibited seasonal variability. During wet seasons, plume migration was dominated by source leakage, extending the plume boundary beyond 120m from the landfill dam. Conversely, during dry seasons, natural attenuation mechanisms, such as biodegradation, became dominant, confining the plume boundary near the leakage source. Mn concentrations were generally elevated and demonstrated an inverse relationship with ORP. Conversely, Fe concentrations exhibited no clear discernible trend. NH4+-N concentrations increased with decreasing pH. The relationships between CODCr and pH, as well as the dynamic interactions among CODCr, NH4+-N, NO3-, and ORP, were observed to be complex.
关键词
填埋场 /
渗滤液液位 /
源头渗漏 /
地下水污染 /
自然衰减
Key words
landfill /
leachate level /
source leakage /
groundwater pollution /
natural attenuation
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3810300)
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