不同商用钝化剂对镉-汞复合污染麦田的修复效应及根际微生物群落影响

张欢欢; 张心明; 彭俊伟; 董元华; 李建刚

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 269-278.

土壤污染与控制

不同商用钝化剂对镉-汞复合污染麦田的修复效应及根际微生物群落影响

张欢欢^1,2,3, 张心明⁴, 彭俊伟^1,2,3, 董元华^1,2,3, 李建刚^1,2,3

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Remediation effects of different commercial amendments in Cadmium-Mercury co-contaminated wheat fields and rhizosphere microbial communities

ZHANG Huan-huan^1,2,3, ZHANG Xin-ming⁴, PENG Jun-wei^1,2,3, DONG Yuan-hua^1,2,3, LI Jian-gang^1,2,3

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摘要

选取6种无机商用钝化剂宁粮(NL)、天象(TX)、隆昌(LC)、沃农(WN)、格丰(GF)、百金惠(BJH)),结合 16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术进行根际微生物组学分析,探究了施用土壤钝化剂对镉、汞复合污染土壤中,小麦各部位镉汞积累转运特征及根际细菌群落结构的影响.田间试验结果表明,钝化剂处理使小麦籽粒镉生物富集系数(BCF_Cd)降低20.93%~64.87%,汞生物富集系数(BCF_Hg)下降13.44%~34.66%,土壤有效镉占比减少25.06%~39.58%.其中LC与WN处理对土壤镉固定及小麦镉转运抑制效果最优,且WN处理同步显著降低小麦汞转运.微生物分析显示,钝化剂通过富集耐镉菌群(如变形菌门、芽单胞菌门),改变根际细菌群落结构,进一步促进土壤重金属生物有效性下降.PICRUSt2功能预测表明,根际细菌群落通过富集氨基酸代谢与碳水化合物代谢,协同缓解重金属毒性.综上所述,钝化剂可直接降低土壤中重金属生物有效性,并间接富集根际耐受重金属菌群,协同阻控小麦中镉、汞的富集.

Abstract

This study evaluated six inorganic commercial amendments-Ningliang (NL), Tianxiang (TX), Longchang (LC), Wonong (WN), Gefeng (GF), and Baijinhui (BJH) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to perform rhizosphere metagenomic analysis. We investigated the effects of applying soil amendments on cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) accumulation, translocation characteristics in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the structure of rhizobacterial community in Cd-Hg co-contaminated soil. The field experiment demonstrated that soil amendments significantly reduced the grain Cd enrichment (BCF_Cd) by 20.93%~64.87% and grain Hg enrichment (BCF_Hg) by 13.44%~34.66%, and the proportion of available Cd in soil decreased by 25.06%~39.58%. Notably, the treatments of LC and WN exhibited the optimal performance in immobilizing Cd and inhibiting Cd translocation in wheat, with WN concurrently suppressing Hg translocation. Microbial analysis indicated that amendments changed the rhizobacterial communities by enriching Cd-tolerant bacteria (e.g., Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadota), thereby reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals (HMs). PICRUSt2 functional prediction indicated that rhizobacteria synergistically mitigated the toxicity of HMs through the enrichment of amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. In summary, amendments could block Cd and Hg enrichment in wheat by direct reduction of HMs bioavailability in soil, and indirect enrichment of rhizosphere metal-tolerant bacterial microbiomes.

导出引用

张欢欢, 张心明, 彭俊伟, 董元华, 李建刚. 不同商用钝化剂对镉-汞复合污染麦田的修复效应及根际微生物群落影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 269-278

ZHANG Huan-huan, ZHANG Xin-ming, PENG Jun-wei, DONG Yuan-hua, LI Jian-gang. Remediation effects of different commercial amendments in Cadmium-Mercury co-contaminated wheat fields and rhizosphere microbial communities[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 269-278

中图分类号： X53

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