生物炭对鬼针草根际土壤养分循环的影响

李艺; 高莉; 覃潇潇; 傅伊昀; 石东弋; 兰威; 唐颖璇; 于方明

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 279-288.

土壤污染与控制

生物炭对鬼针草根际土壤养分循环的影响

李艺^1,2, 高莉¹, 覃潇潇¹, 傅伊昀¹, 石东弋¹, 兰威¹, 唐颖璇¹, 于方明^1,2

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Impact of biocharon the nutrient cycling in the rhizosphere soil of Bidens pilosa L

LI Yi^1,2, GAO Li¹, QIN Xiao-xiao¹, FU Yi-yun¹, SHI Dong-yi¹, LAN Wei¹, TANG Ying-xuan¹, YU Fang-ming^1,2

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摘要

以鬼针草为研究对象,通过盆栽实验,分析了铁-钙层状双氢氧化物玉米秸秆生物炭(Fe-Ca LDH-CSB)添加对鬼针草根际土壤养分循环的影响.结果表明,Fe-Ca LDH-CSB添加显著提高了土壤C/N和土壤有机质含量(P<0.05),与对照相比,分别增加31.1%~45.6%和3.6%~10.3%.同时,Fe-Ca LDH-CSB添加促进了碳、氮和磷循环相关功能基因的表达.在生物炭添加为2.0%(质量比)的处理下,与对照相比,碳固定相关基因(如fbaA、korA、sucC和accD等)的丰度提高了1.1~1.4倍;氮循环相关基因(如GDH2、nosZ、nifH和hao等)提高了1.7~23.5倍;磷循环相关基因(如ppk1、ppa、TC.PIT和pstB等)提高了1.1~1.2倍.Mantel分析结果表明,土壤有效磷含量与碳、氮和磷循环功能基因均呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01);蔗糖酶活性与碳和氮循环功能基因呈正相关关系(P<0.01),与磷循环功能基因呈负相关关系(P<0.05).偏最小二乘路径模型结果进一步表明,Fe-Ca LDH-CSB的施用改变了土壤理化性质和功能微生物的丰度,从而调控了土壤中功能基因的表达水平.变形菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门细菌是鬼针草根际土壤中碳、氮和磷循环关键功能基因的主要宿主.Fe-Ca LDH-CSB添加通过影响鬼针草根际土壤相关理化性质,改变土壤微生物群落组成,驱动碳、氮、磷循环相关功能基因的表达,从而影响根际土壤的养分循环过程.

Abstract

The influence of Fe-Ca layered double hydroxide-modified corn straw biochar (Fe-Ca LDH-CSB) on nutrient cycling processes in the rhizosphere soil of Bidens pilosa L. was investigated through controlled pot experiments. The application of Fe-Ca LDH-CSB was found to significantly increase the soil C/N ratio and organic matter content by 31.1~45.6% and 3.6~10.3%, respectively (P<0.05). Furthermore, the addition of biochar was observed to markedly upregulate functional genes involved in carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling. At a 2% (mass ratio) amendment rate, the relative abundances of genes associated with C fixation (e.g., fbaA, korA, sucC, accD), N cycling (e.g., GDH2, nosZ, nifH, hao), and P cycling (e.g., ppk1, ppa, TC.PIT, pstB) were increased by 1.1~1.4-fold, 1.7~23.5-fold, and 1.1~1.2-fold, respectively, compared with the control. A significant positive correlation between available phosphorus and the abundance of C-, N-, and P-cycling genes (P<0.01) was revealed by Mantel test analysis. Sucrase activity was found to be positively correlated with C- and N-cycling genes (P<0.01) but negatively correlated with P-cycling genes (P<0.05). Partial least squares path modeling indicated that nutrient cycling was indirectly enhanced by Fe-Ca LDH-CSB through alterations in soil physicochemical properties and the reshaping of functional microbial taxa, thereby promoting the expression of nutrient-cycling genes. Taxonomic annotation revealed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi were the dominant microbial hosts harboring key C-, N-, and P-cycling genes. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that the application of Fe-Ca LDH-CSB improved rhizosphere soil conditions and microbial community structure, thereby strengthening the biogeochemical cycling of C, N, and P in the rhizosphere of Bidens pilosa L.

导出引用

李艺, 高莉, 覃潇潇, 傅伊昀, 石东弋, 兰威, 唐颖璇, 于方明. 生物炭对鬼针草根际土壤养分循环的影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 279-288

LI Yi, GAO Li, QIN Xiao-xiao, FU Yi-yun, SHI Dong-yi, LAN Wei, TANG Ying-xuan, YU Fang-ming. Impact of biocharon the nutrient cycling in the rhizosphere soil of Bidens pilosa L[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 279-288

中图分类号： X172

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