基于事件的平原河网稻区排水沟塘中毒死蜱传输动态及生态风险分析

沙子琦; 贾忠华; 刘文龙; 陈诚; 罗纨

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 342-353.

环境生态

基于事件的平原河网稻区排水沟塘中毒死蜱传输动态及生态风险分析

沙子琦¹, 贾忠华¹, 刘文龙¹, 陈诚², 罗纨¹

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Event-based analysis of chlorpyrifos transport dynamics and ecological risk in drainage ditches and ponds in a plain river network rice area

SHA Zi-qi¹, JIA Zhong-hua¹, LIU Wen-long¹, CHEN Cheng², LUO Wan¹

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摘要

为了明确农药在沟塘中的传输动态及生态风险,以江苏省扬州市农业小流域为例,基于农沟(FD)排水和农药浓度变化过程监测,建立了农药传输过程模型,分析了在不同‘浓度-流量’条件下,毒死蜱(CPF)自FD到干沟(MD)和池塘(PD)的时空变化特征,并评价了水生动物的生态风险.监测结果显示,FD中农药和排水没有出现排水高流量和农药高浓度同步的现象,输出过程或为低流量高浓度,或为高流量低浓度.传输过程模拟显示,沟塘对农药输出脉冲缓冲效果显著,能大幅降低高峰值浓度.在低流量高浓度事件中,尽管CPF在FD中峰值浓度高达330μg/L,在MD和PD中的峰值仅为0.05μg/L和0.00002μg/L,削减幅度达到99.98%和100%;而在高流量低浓度事件中,FD中CPF峰值浓度仅为2.5μg/L,在MD和PD中的峰值为0.02μg/L和0.0006μg/L,削减幅度达到99.2%和99.98%.这表明了高流量过程对输出过程的支持作用.由于两类事件下MD和PD中CPF浓度均处于较低水平(MD中小于0.1μg/L,PD中小于0.001μg/L),生态风险较低,仅对沟塘中可能存在的16种水生动物中的1种存在中高风险.在假想的高流量和高浓度同步的最不利组合情况下,MD和PD中CPF峰值浓度为2.55μg/L和0.039μg/L,虽然削减幅度达到99.2%和99.99%,但生态风险较高的水生动物数量增加到6种.

Abstract

In order to clarify the transport dynamics and ecological risks of pesticides in ditches and ponds, this paper presenteda pesticide transport model based on a monitoring study on drainage process and pesticide concentrations in field ditches (FD) in a small agricultural watershed in Yangzhou of Jiangsu Province, China. With the proposed model, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of chlorpyrifos (CPF) from FD to main ditches (MD) and ponds (PD) under different drainage flow and concentrationconditions, and evaluated the ecological risks of the CPF to aquatic animals. The monitoring results showed that peak drainage flow did not synchronize with peak pesticide concentrations in FD, the pesticide loading process was either with low flow and high concentration or high flow and low concentration. The model predictions of CPF transport process showed that ditches and ponds had a significant buffering effect on pesticide loading pulses, thus reducing peak concentrations of pesticide in drainage discharge. In the low-flow and high-concentration event, the observed peak concentration of CPF was as high as 330μg/L in FD, but reduced to 0.05μg/Lin MD and 0.00002μg/L in PD, resulting in reductions of 99.98% and 100% in MD and PD, respectively. In the high-flow and low-concentration event, the peak concentration of CPF was 2.5μg/L in FD, 0.02μg/L in MD, and 0.0006μg/L in PD, resulting in reductions of 99.2% and 99.98% in MD and PD, respectively. These results showed supportive effect of high-flow process on the output process. Under both types of drainage flow events, CPF concentrations were at low levels in MD (<0.1μg/L) and PD (<0.001μg/L),posing relatively low ecological risks to 16species of aquatic animal species that might be present in the ditches and ponds, except one species with a medium to high risk. Under a hypothetical unfavorable combination of synchronized high flow and high concentration event, the calculated peak concentrations of CPF was 2.55μg/Lin MD and 0.039μg/L in PD, making the number of aquatic animals with high ecological risk rise to 6species, regardless of the great reductions of 99.2% and 99.99% in MD and PD, respectively. Findings from this research may provide a scientific basis for pesticide pollution control and aquatic environmental protection in similar regions.

导出引用

沙子琦, 贾忠华, 刘文龙, 陈诚, 罗纨. 基于事件的平原河网稻区排水沟塘中毒死蜱传输动态及生态风险分析[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 342-353

SHA Zi-qi, JIA Zhong-hua, LIU Wen-long, CHEN Cheng, LUO Wan. Event-based analysis of chlorpyrifos transport dynamics and ecological risk in drainage ditches and ponds in a plain river network rice area[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 342-353

中图分类号： X592 X52

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