干旱区含氟地下水微生物群落特征及其环境响应

李玲; 范廷玉; 周金龙; 杨长德; 宫云晓

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 354-364.

环境生态

干旱区含氟地下水微生物群落特征及其环境响应

李玲¹, 范廷玉^1,2, 周金龙³, 杨长德¹, 宫云晓¹

作者信息 +

Microbial community characteristics and environmental response of fluorinated groundwater in arid areas

LI Ling¹, FAN Ting-yu^1,2, ZHOU Jin-long³, YANG Chang-de¹, GONG Yun-xiao¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

为查明干旱区含氟地下水中微生物群落结构、功能特征及其与水化学环境因子之间的作用关系,以和田河流域绿洲区LF组(ρ(F^-)≤1.0mg/L)、MF组(1.0mg/L <ρ(F^-)≤2.0mg/L)、HF组(ρ(F^-)>2.0mg/L)3组地下水为研究对象,采用16s RNA高通量测序技术探究不同氟(F^-)含量水平下地下水细菌群落多样性、结构及功能差异.结果表明:①3组地下水中细菌群落多样性指数受F^-含量影响较小,但群落结构差异明显.②变形菌门是3组地下水的优势菌门,相对丰度分别为67.61%(LF组)、52.02%(MF组)、41.34%(HF组);嘉利翁氏菌属、氢噬胞菌属、硝化螺旋菌属、Ferritrophicum等在LF组或MF组的相对丰度远高于HF组;鞘脂菌属是HF组的优势菌属,在LF组和MF组中相对丰度很低.③F^-、HCO₃^-、Ca²⁺、NO₃^-和Cl^-为影响含氟地下水细菌群落结构的关键化学指标.④根据PICRUSt2功能预测,3组地下水中主要功能基因均为新陈代谢功能,与LF组相比,HF组的细菌在参与辅因子丰度和维生素代谢的途径中活性显著降低.⑤HF组相对丰度较高的嘉利翁氏菌属、氢噬胞菌属、硝化螺旋菌属等化能自养型固碳微生物均与F^-和HCO₃^-含量呈显著负相关性,与Ca²⁺含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01).绿洲区地下水中微生物群落结构、功能差异及其与环境因子的相关性,体现了干旱区含氟地下水中化能自养型固碳微生物对F^-的迁移与转化过程有显著影响,其相对丰度同时也受到F^-含量的影响.

Abstract

Microbial community structures, functional characteristics, and their relationships with hydrochemical environmental factors in arid areas of oasis area of the Hotan River Basin with fluoride-containing groundwater were investigated. Three groups of groundwater were analyzed: the LF group (ρ(F^-) ≤ 1.0mg/L), MF group (1.0mg/L<ρ (F^-) ≤ 2.0mg/L), and HF group (ρ (F^-)>2.0mg/L). The diversity, structural composition, and functional characteristics of the bacterial communities in the groundwater of the three groups were investigated using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that ① While the diversity of the bacterial communities in the three groups was less affected by F contents, significant differences in community compositions were observed. ②Proteobacteria represented the dominant phylum in all three groups, with relative abundance of 67.61% (LF group), 52.02% (MF group), and 41.43% (HF group). The dominant bacterial genus in the HF group was Sphingobium, which had relatively low abundance in the LF and MF groups. The relative abundance of Gallionella, Hydrogenophaga, Nitrospira, and Ferritrophicum was markedly higher in the LF or MF groups compared with the HF group. ③ F^-, HCO₃^-, Ca²⁺, NO₃^-, and Cl^- were key indicators that affected bacterial community structures in F-containing groundwater. ④ PICRUSt2 functional prediction indicated that metabolic functions dominated in all three groups, while bacteria in the HF group showed reduced activities in pathways involved in co-factor abundance and vitamin metabolism compared with the LF group. ⑤ Gallionella, Hydrogenophaga, Nitrospira, and other chemoautotrophic carbon-fixing microorganisms, which had relatively high abundance in the HF group were significantly negatively correlated with the F^- and HCO₃^- contents, and significantly positively correlated with the Ca²⁺content (P<0.01). At the same time, Nitrospira was also positively correlated with NO₃^- and negatively correlated with NH₄⁺(P<0.01). The structural and functional differences in microbial communities in the groundwater of the oasis area of the Hotan River Basin, as well as their correlations with environmental factors, reflect the bidirectional relationship between chemoautotrophic carbon-fixing microorganisms and groundwater F^- contents in arid areas.

导出引用

李玲, 范廷玉, 周金龙, 杨长德, 宫云晓. 干旱区含氟地下水微生物群落特征及其环境响应[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 354-364

LI Ling, FAN Ting-yu, ZHOU Jin-long, YANG Chang-de, GONG Yun-xiao. Microbial community characteristics and environmental response of fluorinated groundwater in arid areas[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 354-364

中图分类号： X523

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