基于不同测试终点的设施菜地土壤Cd与新污染物复合污染毒性阈值及预测模型

刘佳晓; 王萌; 孙晓艺; 俞磊; 王静; 周如烟; 秦璐瑶; 陈世宝

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 416-428.

新污染物

基于不同测试终点的设施菜地土壤Cd与新污染物复合污染毒性阈值及预测模型

刘佳晓, 王萌, 孙晓艺, 俞磊, 王静, 周如烟, 秦璐瑶, 陈世宝

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Toxicity thresholds and prediction models of combined pollution by cadmium and emerging contaminant in greenhousevegetable soils based on different test endpoints

LIU Jia-xiao, WANG Meng, SUN Xiao-yi, YU Lei, WANG Jing, ZHOU Ru-yan, QIN Lu-yao, CHEN Shi-bao

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摘要

采用小白菜生长、赤子爱胜蚓生长和土壤微生物基质诱导呼吸(SIR)为毒性测试终点,对我国6种不同性质设施菜地土壤中Cd与四环素和吡虫啉单一及复合污染的毒性阈值(EC_x)进行测定,并构建了污染物毒性与土壤主要影响因子间的量化关系及预测模型.结果表明:不同性质设施菜地土壤中污染物对不同测试终点的毒性剂量-效应关系呈现出明显的S型曲线,以小白菜为例,Cd的毒性阈值EC₁₀为0.6~8.5,EC₅₀为4.3~14.7mg/kg;Cd与四环素复合污染的毒性阈值EC₁₀为0.1~2.2mg/kg,EC₅₀为1.2~6.9mg/kg;Cd与吡虫啉复合污染的毒性阈值EC₁₀为0.1~3.7mg/kg,EC₅₀为1.4~10.0mg/kg;污染物毒性阈值在不同测试终点间呈较大差异,如Cd和四环素毒性阈值由大到小顺序依次为小白菜>蚯蚓>微生物,复合污染条件下的毒性阈值小于单一污染;小白菜生长对土壤污染物表现出低剂量刺激效应,最大刺激效应为103%~110%;pH值是影响和预测土壤中污染物毒性阈值的主控因子,基于土壤pH值、CEC、OC含量的归趋化预测模型可有效预测设施菜地土壤中Cd与新污染物复合污染的生态风险毒性阈值.

Abstract

Toxicity thresholds (ECx) forCd, and in combination with tetracycline and imidacloprid, were determined based onthe soils collected from six typical greenhouse vegetable farms in China. Three toxicity endpoints includingthe growth of Brassica napus, the growth of the red earthworm Aedes aegypti and the soil microbial substrate-induced respiration (SIR) were applied, and the quantitative relationships and prediction models were established between the toxicity of the pollutants and key soil properties. The results showed that the toxicity dose-effect relationships of the pollutantsacross different soils and test endpoints typically followed a distinct S-shaped curve. For example, the toxicity thresholds forCd alone on B. napuswere 0.6~8.5mg/kg (EC₁₀) and 4.3~14.7mg/kg (EC₅₀), respectively. For the combined pollution of Cd and tetracycline, the corresponding values were 0.1~2.2mg/kg (EC₁₀) and 1.2~6.9mg/kg(EC₅₀). For the combination of Cd and imidacloprid, the values were 0.1~3.7mg/kg (EC₁₀) and 1.4~10.0mg/kg(EC₅₀). The toxicity thresholds of pollutants varied significantlydepending on the test endpoints, e.g., the sensitivity order for Cd and tetracycline was Chinese cabbage > earthworm > microorganisms, the toxicity thresholds for the combined pollutants were consistently lower than those for the single pollutants, indicating a synergistic effect. Additionally, a low-dose stimulation effect (hormesis) on the growth of B. napus was observed, with a maximum stimulation rate of 103% to 110%. Soil pH was identified as the primary factor controlling and predicting the toxicity thresholds. A comprehensive prediction model based on soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic carbon (OC) content was developed, which can effectively predict the toxicity thresholds and assess the ecological risks associated with the combined pollution of Cd and emerging contaminants in greenhouse vegetable soils.

导出引用

刘佳晓, 王萌, 孙晓艺, 俞磊, 王静, 周如烟, 秦璐瑶, 陈世宝. 基于不同测试终点的设施菜地土壤Cd与新污染物复合污染毒性阈值及预测模型[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 416-428

LIU Jia-xiao, WANG Meng, SUN Xiao-yi, YU Lei, WANG Jing, ZHOU Ru-yan, QIN Lu-yao, CHEN Shi-bao. Toxicity thresholds and prediction models of combined pollution by cadmium and emerging contaminant in greenhousevegetable soils based on different test endpoints[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 416-428

中图分类号： X53

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