基于韧性治理的城市道路灰尘风险评价

朱熙; 刘思齐; 黄珊; 宋思源; 王倩; 张秋月

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 579-592.

环境影响评价与管理

基于韧性治理的城市道路灰尘风险评价

朱熙^1,2,3, 刘思齐^2,4, 黄珊^1,3, 宋思源^1,3, 王倩^1,3, 张秋月^1,3

作者信息 +

Urban road dust risk assessment based on resilience governance

ZHU Xi^1,2,3, LIU Si-qi^2,4, HUANG Shan^1,3, SONG Si-yuan^1,3, WANG Qian^1,3, ZHANG Qiu-yue^1,3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

整合2000~2023年全国灰尘(<920mm)污染数据,发现道路灰尘重金属污染普遍高于土壤,且不同评价方法结论存在差异,需构建符合灰尘特性的风险评价体系.全国道路灰尘整体污染程度由西北向东南递增,污染来源复杂,仅靠源治理难长效管控,需引入韧性治理思路.为此,基于韧性理念,结合压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型、层次分析法、熵权法,融入自然-社会系统视角,构建新的城市道路灰尘污染风险评价体系.对全国31个城市进行实证分析,聚为压力、响应、状态响应、状态压力高风险及低风险5类,提出分级分类管控建议,应分别侧重人口密集及交通拥堵区的人群暴露风险研究、灰尘监测及反馈系统建设、集中排放源针对性治理、极端天气灰尘污染预警及敏感区域定点观测.

Abstract

Dust pollution data (particles<920μm) collected across China from 2000 to 2023 were integrated. The results showedthat heavy metal contamination in road dust was generally higher than in soils,yet evaluation methods produced inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, a risk assessment system tailored to the unique characteristics of dust was considered essential.The spatial distribution of urban road dust pollution in China showed a steadily increasing severity from the northwest to the southeast, and pollution sources were found to be complex. Source control alone was found to be insufficient to ensure long-term effectiveness, necessitating an adaptive governance approach. Based on the resilience governance concept, anovel urban road dust pollution risk assessment system was constructedusing the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and entropy weight method, incorporating a socio-ecological perspective. An empirical analysis of 31 cities classified them into five clusters: high-pressure-risk, high-response-risk, combined high-state-response-risk, combined high-state-pressure-risk, and low-risk—yielding tiered and category-specific recommendations: priority population-exposure studies in dense traffic areas, establishment of dust-monitoring and feedback networks, targeted abatement of centralized emission sources, enhanced early-warning systems for extreme-weather dust events, and fixed-site surveillance in sensitive zones.

导出引用

朱熙, 刘思齐, 黄珊, 宋思源, 王倩, 张秋月. 基于韧性治理的城市道路灰尘风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 579-592

ZHU Xi, LIU Si-qi, HUANG Shan, SONG Si-yuan, WANG Qian, ZHANG Qiu-yue. Urban road dust risk assessment based on resilience governance[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 579-592

中图分类号： X503

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