汾渭平原民用生物质燃烧PM2.5碳质组分与标志物排放特征

程宇扬; 覃寅峰; 彭林; 闫雨龙; 胡冬梅; 李振

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 66-78.

大气污染与控制

汾渭平原民用生物质燃烧PM_2.5碳质组分与标志物排放特征

程宇扬¹, 覃寅峰¹, 彭林¹, 闫雨龙¹, 胡冬梅², 李振¹

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Emission characteristics of carbonaceous components and tracers in PM_2.5 from residential biomass combustion in the Fenwei Plain

CHENG Yu-yang¹, QIN Yin-feng¹, PENG Lin¹, YAN Yu-long¹, HU Dong-mei², LI Zhen¹

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摘要

为探究汾渭平原民用生物质燃烧清洁取暖改造后标志性污染物排放特征变化,在咸阳市农村地区对不同类型的民用生物质燃烧排放展开实地测试.结果显示,生物质成型颗粒自动进料炉的颗粒物排放以PM_2.5为主,PM_2.5、PM₁₀排放因子为1.14g/kg、1.28g/kg,显著低于传统炉具;PM_2.5中水溶性离子排放以K⁺和Cl^-为主(占比81.5%~94.3%),高于传统炉具25.9%~69.6%;由于燃料清洁且燃烧完全,PM_2.5中总碳(TC)排放因子为0.1~0.4g/kg,传统炉具TC排放因子为0.6~3.6g/kg.生物质成型颗粒自动进料炉PM_2.5中左旋葡聚糖(LG)的排放因子最低,特征比值LG/OC低于传统炉具,进一步说明新型生物质炉具对有机碳气溶胶排放贡献较低.基于实测的民用生物质燃烧源LG排放因子并结合经验公式推算,清洁取暖改造后民用生物质燃烧对有机碳气溶胶贡献下降6.4%.

Abstract

To investigate changes in the emission characteristics of key pollutants following the transition from household coal-burning to biomass clean heating in the Fenwei Plain, field measurements were conducted in rural areas of Xianyang using a variety of residential biomass-burning devices. Results showed that, in automatically fed pellet stoves, particulate emissions were dominated by PM_2.5, with emission factors for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ of 1.14g/kg and 1.28g/kg, respectively, significantly lower than those of traditional stoves. Water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 were dominated by K⁺ and Cl^-, accounting for 81.5 %~94.3 % of total ionic mass, which was 25.9 %~69.6 % higher than that in traditional stoves. Due to the use of cleaner fuels and more efficient combustion, the total carbon (TC) emission factor in PM_2.5 from pellet stoves ranged from 0.1to 0.4g/kg, in contrast to 0.6~3.6g/kg for traditional stoves. Levoglucosan (LG) in PM_2.5 from pellet stoves showed the lowest emission factor, with a lower LG/OC ratio than that of traditional stoves, indicating a reduced contribution of advanced stoves to organic carbon aerosol emissions. By integrating the experimentally derived LG emission factors into an established empirical model, we estimated that the clean-heating transition had reduced the contribution of residential biomass burning to organic carbon aerosol by approximately 6.4 %.

导出引用

程宇扬, 覃寅峰, 彭林, 闫雨龙, 胡冬梅, 李振. 汾渭平原民用生物质燃烧PM_2.5碳质组分与标志物排放特征[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(1): 66-78

CHENG Yu-yang, QIN Yin-feng, PENG Lin, YAN Yu-long, HU Dong-mei, LI Zhen. Emission characteristics of carbonaceous components and tracers in PM_2.5 from residential biomass combustion in the Fenwei Plain[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(1): 66-78

中图分类号： X703.5

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