细菌表面结构与离子强度对微塑料上病原菌附着及抗氯性的影响

何豫馨; 龚东琴; 温晓乐; 陈国炜; 刘丽

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2) : 1038-1046.

环境毒理与健康

细菌表面结构与离子强度对微塑料上病原菌附着及抗氯性的影响

何豫馨, 龚东琴, 温晓乐, 陈国炜, 刘丽

作者信息 +

Effects of bacterial surface structures and ionic strength on pathogen adhesion to microplastics and their chlorine resistance

HE Yu-xin, GONG Dong-qin, WEN Xiao-le, CHEN Guo-wei, LIU Li

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文章历史 +

摘要

本文以铜绿假单胞菌的野生型(WT)、胞外聚合物(EPS)分泌过量型(ΔmucA)和鞭毛缺失型(ΔfliC)为模型,结合XDLVO理论,系统研究了细菌表面结构、离子强度和氯消毒对聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)MPs表面细菌附着及抗氯性的影响.结果表明,EPS分泌增强了细胞疏水性(ΔmucA的g^LW升高、g^AB降低),显著降低排斥势垒f_T,进而促进细菌在MPs上的附着与存活;鞭毛则通过静电吸引作用增强附着能力,并提升MPs对细菌的保护效应.离子强度(NaCl)对细菌附着呈双重效应:在NaCl浓度£30mmol/L时,双电层压缩使排斥势垒降至19%,显著促进附着;而在100mmol/L时,Cl^-吸附导致电荷反转,从而抑制附着.尽管氯消毒(1.0mg/L)可有效灭活游离菌体,但其通过增强范德华吸附力()显著提高了细菌在MPs表面的附着率(提升至45%~75%),从而增强其抗氯性(最高达2.48倍).

Abstract

This study employedPseudomonas aeruginosa wild-type (WT), an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-overproducing strain (ΔmucA), and a flagellum-deficient mutant (ΔfliC) as model organisms. Combining the XDLVO theory, we systematically investigated the effects of bacterial surface structures, ionic strength, and chlorination on bacterial adhesion and chlorine resistance to polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) MPs. Key findings revealed that EPS secretion enhanced cell hydrophobicity (increased g^LW and decreased g^AB in ΔmucA), significantly reducing the repulsive energy barrier (F_T) and thereby promoting bacterial adhesion and survival on MPs. Flagella facilitated adhesion through electrostatic attraction and amplified the protective effect of MPs on bacteria. Ionic strength (NaCl) exhibited a dual effect: at £30mmol/L, double-layer compression reduced the repulsive barrier by 19%, markedly enhancing adhesion, whereas at 100mmol/L, Cl^- adsorption induced charge reversal, inhibiting adhesion. Although chlorination (1.0mg/L) effectively inactivated free bacteria, it increased bacterial adhesion rates on MPs by 45%~75% through enhanced van der Waals attraction consequently elevating chlorine resistance (up to 2.48-fold).

导出引用

何豫馨, 龚东琴, 温晓乐, 陈国炜, 刘丽. 细菌表面结构与离子强度对微塑料上病原菌附着及抗氯性的影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(2): 1038-1046

HE Yu-xin, GONG Dong-qin, WEN Xiao-le, CHEN Guo-wei, LIU Li. Effects of bacterial surface structures and ionic strength on pathogen adhesion to microplastics and their chlorine resistance[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(2): 1038-1046

中图分类号： X172

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