为考察生物阳极氨氧化工艺的稳定性,探究了污水碳氮比(C/N)对生物阳极氨氧化微生物燃料电池(MFC)运行性能及其微生物特性的影响.结果表明,进水C/N会影响电活性生物膜中的微生物群落结构,进而会造成生物阳极氨氧化系统脱氮产电效能的波动.随着阳极室进水C/N由0.0增至3.0,MFC中反硝化菌群丰度增加,使得反硝化作用与生物阳极氨氧化过程耦合,提高了系统的TN去除效率,此时Geobacter与2种功能菌属(即Nitrosomonas和Candidatus Brocadia)的协同作用亦强化了系统的脱氮产电性能.当进水C/N>3.0后,Geobacter优先利用有机碳源作为阳极底物且在MFC中过量增殖,其代谢途径的改变致使系统中氮转化过程(包括反硝化作用和生物阳极氨氧化反应等)受到抑制,最终导致装置脱氮效能恶化.当进水C/N为3.0时,MFC运行性能较理想,其COD、TN和NH4+-N去除率分别可达(93.09±0.86)%、(94.89±0.38)%和(95.24±0.27)%,输出功率密度峰值为85.16mW/m3,电活性生物膜中的优势菌属包括Nitrosomonas、Candidatus Brocadia、Empedobacter、Geobacter、Thauera、Pseudomonas、Zoogloea和Dechloromonas.
Abstract
In order to investigate the stability of the biological anode-dependent ammonium oxidation process, this study was conducted to explore the operational performances and the associated microbiological characteristics of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) based on biological anode-dependent ammonium oxidation (bioanoammox) under influent carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) constraints. The results showed that, the influent C/N could affect microbial community structure in the electroactive biofilm, leading to fluctuation of nitrogen removal and electricity generation in the bioanoammox system. As the influent C/N increased from 0.0 to 3.0, the enrichment of denitrifying bacteria could be achieved in the MFC, resulting that TN removal rates of the system increased due to the coupling of denitrification with bioanoammox. Meanwhile, the synergy of Geobacter with the two functional genera (namely Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Brocadia) also enhanced nitrogen removal and electricity generation performance of the system. However, as the influent C/N was more than 3.0, Geobacter preferentially utilized organic carbon as the anodic substrate and proliferated excessively in the MFC, nitrogen conversion processes (including denitrification and bioanoammox, etc.) in the device were then inhibited resulting from the alteration in the metabolic pathway of Geobacter, ultimately leading to deterioration in nitrogen removal of the MFC. Regarding to the MFC with influent C/N of 3.0, the operational performance of the system was optimized, resulting that its COD, TN and NH4+-N removal rates could respectively reached up to (93.09±0.86)%, (94.89±0.38)%, and (95.24±0.27)% during the stable operation phase, as well as the maximum power density of 85.16mW/m3. Correspondingly, Nitrosomonas, Candidatus Brocadia, Empedobacter, Geobacter, Thauera, Pseudomonas, Zoogloea, and Dechloromonas were the dominant bacterial genera in the electroactive biofilm.
关键词
生物阳极氨氧化 /
微生物燃料电池(MFC) /
碳氮比(C/N) /
电活性生物膜 /
脱氮
Key words
biological anode-dependent ammonium oxidation /
microbial fuel cell (MFC) /
carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) /
electroactive biofilm /
nitrogen removal
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52370160);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2008085ME162);安徽省高等学校科学研究资助项目(2022AH040121,2023AH051812);安徽新华学院校级科研团队资助项目(kytd202202)
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