不同工业废水处理厂微生物菌群多样性分析

孔玲芬; 张勇; 黄辰; 桂洪杰; 陈凯鑫; 林俐俐; 雷馨怡; 叶宇欣; 阮凯迪

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2) : 758-768.

水污染与控制

不同工业废水处理厂微生物菌群多样性分析

孔玲芬¹, 张勇², 黄辰³, 桂洪杰², 陈凯鑫², 林俐俐², 雷馨怡², 叶宇欣², 阮凯迪²

作者信息 +

Microbial community diversity analysis in different industrial wastewater treatment plants

KONG Ling-fen¹, ZHANG Yong², HUANG Chen³, GUI Hong-jie², CHEN Kai-xin², LIN Li-li², LEI Xin-yi², YE Yu-xin², RUAN Kai-di²

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摘要

为揭示不同类型工业废水处理厂微生物群落结构及其功能特征,选取厦门市3座典型工业污水处理厂(食品厂、半导体厂、综合工业园区)为研究对象,基于高通量测序和多种分析方法,比较活性污泥微生物的多样性、群落结构及代谢潜力.结果表明,不同工业废水对微生物群落组成产生显著影响,COD、TN、TP等水质参数对群落结构具有显著影响.三厂共同富集的优势菌门为Proteobacteria,而Firmicutes、Patescibacteria与Deinococcota分别为各厂特征菌群.功能预测结果表明,不同类型工业废水处理系统在代谢通路丰度上存在明显差异,特别是半导体厂微生物群落在有机物代谢相关通路上丰度偏低.研究表明,微生物群落结构与功能受水质条件显著驱动,特征菌群可为工业废水处理系统优化提供参考.

Abstract

To reveal the microbial community structure and functional characteristics in different types of industrial wastewater treatment plants, this study selected three representative facilities in Xiamen—a food-processing plant, a semiconductor plant, and a comprehensive industrial park. Based on high-throughput sequencing and multiple analytical approaches, the diversity, community composition, and metabolic potential of activated sludge microorganisms were systematically compared. The results demonstrated that different types of industrial wastewater significantly influenced microbial community composition, with water quality parameters such as COD, TN, and TP playing critical roles in shaping community structure. While Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum shared across all three plants, Firmicutes, Patescibacteria, and Deinococcota were identified as characteristic phyla in the food, industrial park, and semiconductor plants, respectively. Functional gene prediction revealed distinct differences in the abundance of metabolic pathways among the plants, with the microbial community in the semiconductor plant showing notably lower abundance in pathways related to organic matter degradation. Overall, the structure and function of microbial communities were strongly driven by wastewater characteristics, and the identified key taxa provide a theoretical basis for optimizing industrial wastewater treatment systems.

导出引用

孔玲芬, 张勇, 黄辰, 桂洪杰, 陈凯鑫, 林俐俐, 雷馨怡, 叶宇欣, 阮凯迪. 不同工业废水处理厂微生物菌群多样性分析[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(2): 758-768

KONG Ling-fen, ZHANG Yong, HUANG Chen, GUI Hong-jie, CHEN Kai-xin, LIN Li-li, LEI Xin-yi, YE Yu-xin, RUAN Kai-di. Microbial community diversity analysis in different industrial wastewater treatment plants[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(2): 758-768

中图分类号： X172

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