调水调沙对黄河口浮游植物粒级分布的影响

张斯瀚; 申瑞婷; 张晶晶; 孙绍庆; 张孝民; 王秀霞; 李凡; 吕振波

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中国环境科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2) : 910-922.

环境生态

调水调沙对黄河口浮游植物粒级分布的影响

张斯瀚^1,2,3, 申瑞婷⁴, 张晶晶², 孙绍庆², 张孝民³, 王秀霞³, 李凡³, 吕振波²

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The impact of Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme on the phytoplankton size-fractionated distribution in the the Yellow River Estuary

ZHANG Si-han^1,2,3, SHEN Rui-ting⁴, ZHANG Jing-jing², SUN Shao-qing², ZHANG Xiao-min³, WANG Xiu-xia³, LI Fan³, LYU Zhen-bo²

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摘要

为研究调水调沙对黄河口邻近海域浮游植物粒级分布的影响,于2019年6月24日、7月6日、7月25日,对黄河口近海海域表、底层环境因子、叶绿素a(Chl a)和浮游植物粒级的空间分布特征进行了3次综合调查.结果显示,调查区域营养盐结构整体呈现高氮、高硅、低磷特征,整个调查期间表、底层均未出现氮限制,但磷限制始终显著,且随着调水调沙推进逐渐加剧.随着调水调沙进行,表层Chl a浓度呈先降后升趋势,调水调沙前,高值区出现在河口,以小型藻为主;调水期,Chl a高值区逐渐扩展至口门两侧,小型藻仍占主导地位,但微型藻占比明显下降;调沙期,Chl a高值区出现在东北离岸区域,小型藻和微微型藻共同占主导地位.与表层不同,底层Chl a浓度整体呈持续下降趋势,调水调沙前和调水期,调查海域Chl a略低于表层,但空间分布趋势和粒级组成变化规律与表层类似;调沙期,Chl a高值区主要出现在东北离岸区域,小型藻占比明显高于表层.冗余分析(RDA)表明不同阶段表、底层主要影响因子存在明显差异,调水调沙前表层受DIN/DIP、DSi/DIP和DIP影响,底层由DIN和盐度主导;调水期表层受DIN主导,底层以DSi/DIN为主;调沙期表层主要受温度、DIN和DSi控制,底层则由温度、DIN和DIN/DIP共同主导.

Abstract

To investigate the impact of the Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme (WSRS) on the size-fractionated distribution of phytoplankton in the coastal waters of the Yellow River Estuary, three surveys were conducted on June 24, July 6, and July 25, 2019. These surveys examined the spatial distribution of environmental factors, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations, and phytoplankton size in both surface and bottom layers. The results indicated that the region consistently exhibited a nutrient structure characterized by high nitrogen and silica but low phosphorus. Throughout the survey period, nitrogen limitation was not observed in either the surface or bottom layers, while phosphorus limitation was persistent and intensified as the regulation progressed. During WSRS period, surface Chl a concentrations showed a decreasing trend followed by a gradual increase. In the pre-stage, high Chl a values were found near the river mouth, dominated by small-sized algae. During the water regulation stage (WR-stage), the high Chl a region expanded toward both sides of the estuarine mouth, with small-sized algae still dominant, though the proportion of microalgae notably decreased. In the sediment regulation stage (SR-stage), the high Chl a region shifted to the northeastern offshore area, with small-sized and picoplankton jointly dominating. In contrast, the Chl a concentration in bottom-layershowed an overall declining trend. During Pre and WR-stage, bottom Chl a levels were slightly lower than those in the surface layer, yet the spatial distribution and changes in size composition followed similar patterns. During SR-stage, high bottom Chl a concentrations were mainly found in the northeastern offshore area, where small-sized algae were significantly more dominant than in the surface layer. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed stage-specific shifts in the dominant environmental drivers. Before the WSRS, surface phytoplankton structure was influenced primarily by DIN/DIP, DSi/DIP, and DIP, while the bottom layer was controlled by DIN and salinity. During >the WR-stage, DIN was the main driver in the surface layer, and DSi/DIN dominated the bottom. In the SR-stage, temperature, DIN, and DSi were key surface drivers, while temperature, DIN, and DIN/DIP governed bottom-layer variation.

导出引用

张斯瀚, 申瑞婷, 张晶晶, 孙绍庆, 张孝民, 王秀霞, 李凡, 吕振波. 调水调沙对黄河口浮游植物粒级分布的影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2026, 46(2): 910-922

ZHANG Si-han, SHEN Rui-ting, ZHANG Jing-jing, SUN Shao-qing, ZHANG Xiao-min, WANG Xiu-xia, LI Fan, LYU Zhen-bo. The impact of Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme on the phytoplankton size-fractionated distribution in the the Yellow River Estuary[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(2): 910-922

中图分类号： X171

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