基于生态系统质量内涵,构建了涵盖生态格局、生态功能、生物多样性和生态胁迫4个维度的理论指标体系.以渤海湾、长江口和珠江口为研究区域,整合处理2003~2023年间海水水质、沉积物质量、浮游植物、浮游动物、大型底栖生物及鱼卵仔鱼等多源数据,综合运用跨维度指标相关性分析与维度内多重共线性分析方法,实现指标体系科学简化.结果表明,在跨维度分析中,沉积物总有机碳、水体氨氮和鱼卵仔鱼密度与其它指标多无显著相关性(P<0.05),因此予以剔除;各维度内指标间存在显著相关性,通过保留代表性指标实现简化——生态格局维度保留盐度,生物多样性维度统一采用密度指标,生态胁迫维度则保留无机氮、活性磷酸盐以及信息独立的石油类.最终,将原有的36个3级指标简化为9个核心指标,涵盖生态格局指标(海底透光率Fr、盐度)、生态功能指标(叶绿素a)、生物多样性指标(浮游植物密度、浮游动物密度、大型底栖生物密度)以及生态胁迫指标(无机氮、活性磷酸盐、石油类).该简化指标体系在保证科学性和代表性的基础上,提升了数据获取效率与操作可行性.
Abstract
Building on the concept of ecosystem quality, this study developed a theoretical indicator system constructed around four dimensions: ecological pattern, biodiversity, ecological function, and ecological stress. Taking the Bohai Bay, the Changjiang River Estuary, and the Zhujiang River Estuary as study areas, multi-source data from 2003 to 2023 covering seawater and sediment quality, phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrobenthos, and fish eggs and larvae, were integrated and analyzed. Cross-dimensional correlation analysis and within-dimension multicollinearity diagnostics were applied to streamline the indicator set. Results indicated that sediment total organic carbon, seawater ammonia nitrogen, and fish egg/larval density showed no significant correlation (P<0.05) with most other indicators in cross-dimensional tests and were therefore removed. Within each dimension, indicators were significantly correlated, enabling further simplification through the retention of representative measures: salinity for ecological pattern, density metrics for biodiversity, and inorganic nitrogen, reactive phosphate, and petroleum (which carried independent information) for environmental stress. Consequently, the original set of 36tertiary indicators was refined to 9 core indicators: ecological pattern (seabed light transmittance Fr, salinity), ecological function (chlorophyll-a), biodiversity (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos density), and ecological stress (inorganic nitrogen, reactive phosphate, petroleum). This simplified indicator system maintains scientific rigor and representativeness while enhancing data acquisition efficiency and practical feasibility.
关键词
近海生态系统质量 /
评价指标 /
指标简化 /
多维关联分析 /
共线性分析
Key words
coastal ecosystem quality /
evaluation indicators /
indicator simplification /
multi-dimensional correlation analysis /
collinearity analysis
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3108003,2023YFC3108004)
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