Characteristics of runoff pollution of different underlying surfaces in typical cultural and educational area of Xi'an
WU Ya-gang, CHEN Ying, CHEN Wang, REN Yi-jing, LIU Ji, ZHU Jun-yan, ZHANG Yu-hao
Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
In order to investigate rainfall runoff pollution level and effluent characteristics of different underlying surfaces in urban community, three kinds of underlying surfaces, such as road, roof and grass land at a cultural and educational area in Xi'an, Shaanxi province were selected as sampling areas, and runoff samples over the whole time range of 3storm events and 2 snowmelt events were collected by the manual time-interval sampling method from Aug. 2016 to Feb. 2017. The concentrations of SS, COD, TN, TP, Pb, Zn Cu, Cd, Ni, Cr, PAHs, dissolved COD, dissolved heavy metals and dissolved PAHs, as well as particulate matters size d50 of samples were determined. Pollution characteristics were compared between rainfall runoff and snowmelt runff. The results showed that the main contaminants of urban surface runoff were SS, COD, TN, Pb and Cr. The average event mean concentrations (EMCs) of SS in road and grass land rainfall runoff exceeded grade two level of integrated wastewater discharge standard, and the EMCs of COD, TN, Pb and Cr exceeded grade Ⅲ level of environmental quality standards for surface water. The event mean concentration (EMC) of PAHs in road, roof and grass land rainfall runoff were 266.8~389.8ng/L, 254.9~303.0ng/L and 231.2ng/L respectively, which were at medium pollution level compared with domestic related research. The concentrations of SS, COD, Zn, Pb, Cu and PAHs in road runoff were higher than which in roof runoff. However, the concentrations of TN, TP and Cr in road runoff were slightly lower than roof runoff, which indicated that TN, TP and Cr mainly derived from atmospheric dry and wet deposition,while the main sources of SS, COD, Zn, Pb, Cu and PAHs were traffic pollution emission. Pollutants effluent characteristics of these three kinds of underlying surfaces rainfall runoff were different obviously. The pollutants concentration of road runoff were rather high in the initial duration of runoff, and fluctuated violently affected by traffic pollution emission in the later runoff. However, the pollutants concentration of roof runoff continuously decreased with runoff time and finally tended stablely. While the pollutants concentration of grass land runoff were rather stable during the whole time. The impact of rainfall intensity on the total pollutants concentration emission were greater than on the dissolved pollutants, and d50 showed a good correlation with rainfall intensity. Pollutants concentration of road snowmelt runoff were far greater than rainfall runoff, due to pollutants accumulated continuously during the snowfall events and snowmelt runoff flow was rather small. Nevertheless, water quality of roof snowmelt runoff was better than rainfall runoff, owing to the ability of carrying contaminants of snowmelt runoff were more weak than rainfall runoff.
吴亚刚, 陈莹, 陈望, 任怡静, 刘记, 朱俊彦, 张宇浩. 西安市某文教区典型下垫面径流污染特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(8): 3104-3112.
WU Ya-gang, CHEN Ying, CHEN Wang, REN Yi-jing, LIU Ji, ZHU Jun-yan, ZHANG Yu-hao. Characteristics of runoff pollution of different underlying surfaces in typical cultural and educational area of Xi'an. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(8): 3104-3112.
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