紫外灭活水中3种致病性曲霉的效能及其光复活控制

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摘要以饮用水中常见的3种曲霉（黑曲霉 Aspergillus niger、黄曲霉 Aspergillus flavus、烟曲霉 Aspergillus fumigatus）为研究对象，紫外线作为消毒手段，研究其灭活效能与机制及紫外控制曲霉光复活的效果.结果表明，由于孢子尺寸、孢子色素、疏水性的不同，灭活结果存在差异，3种曲霉孢子对紫外的抗性为：黄曲霉>黑曲霉>烟曲霉.三者的灭活速率常数（k）符合Chick-Watson模型，黑曲霉，黄曲霉，烟曲霉的k值分别为0.027，0.026，0.031cm²/mJ，大小顺序与灭活难度一致.紫外线通过穿透真菌孢子的细胞壁和细胞膜，阻断DNA复制和转录，最终造成细胞膜损伤以及胞内ROS水平的升高，灭活后的孢子呈现出明显凹陷并且表面表现出褶皱.3种曲霉孢子的光复活率和最大存活率：黑曲霉>黄曲霉>烟曲霉，其光复活差异是由于胞内的光解酶的数量和活性差异引起.

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关键词 ：紫外, 真菌孢子, 曲霉, 灭活机制, 光复活

Abstract：Three kinds of Aspergillus spores(Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus) commonly found in drinking water were used as research objects, and UV was used as the disinfection method to study their inactivation efficiency and mechanism. Control of photoreactivation for three Aspergillus spores inactivated by UV was also evaluated. The different inactivation degree was due to the different size, pigment and hydrophobicity. The resistance of the three Aspergillus spores inactivated by UV was:Aspergillus flavus > Aspergillus niger> Aspergillus fumigatus. In addition, the inactivation rate constants k of the three Aspergillus spores were consistent with the Chick-Watson model, in which the k of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus were 0.027, 0.026 and 0.031 cm2/m J, respectively. The order of the inactivation rate constant k of the three Aspergillus spores was the same as the difficulty of inactivation. UV penetrates cell wall and cell membrane, which blocks DNA replication and transcription, ultimately causing membrane damage and the increase of intracellular high ROS level. After inactivation, the spores showed obvious sinking and wrinkle on the surface. Photoreactivation rate constant and maximum survival ratio of the three Aspergillus spores: Aspergillus niger>Aspergillus flavus > Aspergillus fumigatus. The discrepancy of photoreactivation among the three Aspergillus species was caused by the difference of the number and activity of intracellular photolyase.

Key words： UV fungal spores Aspergillus disinfection mechanism photoreactivation

收稿日期: 2021-08-10

PACS:

X523

基金资助:国家自然科学基金（51978557）；陕西省杰出青年科学基金（2018JC-026）；陕西省重点研发计划（2020ZDLSF06-05，2019ZDLSF06-03）；陕西高校青年创新团队

通讯作者: 文刚,教授,hitwengang@163.com E-mail: hitwengang@163.com

作者简介: 吴戈辉(1998-),女,陕西西安人,西安建筑科技大学博士研究生,主要从事饮用水水质安全保障研究.

引用本文:

吴戈辉, 赵辉, 万琪琪, 徐向前, 曹瑞华, 黄廷林, 文刚. 紫外灭活水中3种致病性曲霉的效能及其光复活控制[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(3): 1173-1181. WU Ge-hui, ZHAO Hui, WAN Qi-qi, XU Xiang-qian, CAO Rui-hua, HUANG Ting-lin, WEN Gang. Inhibit the photoreactivation of three pathogenic Aspergillus spores in water by UV: kinetics and mechanism. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(3): 1173-1181.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I3/1173

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