川中丘陵区不同下垫面集水区氮磷流失特征

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (627 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要通过对2019~2020年不同下垫面集水区(农田集水区与复合集水区)径流及氮磷浓度的连续逐日定位监测,研究川中丘陵区不同下垫面集水区氮磷径流流失过程与强度,探讨下垫面对集水区氮磷径流流失特征的影响.结果表明:不同集水区的径流过程因下垫面不同而存在明显差异,农田集水区内的水田和坑塘的拦蓄作用滞缓了汇流过程,而复合集水区中居民点、公路等不透水下垫面缩短了汇流时间,使得复合集水区的降雨径流量峰值更高,响应速度较农田集水区快12~25min,年径流深较农田集水区多28.1%;次降雨径流过程中磷浓度变化较氮更剧烈,浓度峰值出现时间较氮早约1.2h,在降雨后期磷浓度下降速度更快,降幅更大;复合集水区的氮磷平均事件浓度(EMC)、峰值浓度均高于农田集水区,且两集水区氮流失形态均以硝酸盐氮为主,占总氮的65.9%;磷流失以颗粒态为主,占总磷的67.5%;复合集水区的氮磷流失负荷分别是农田集水区的3.01和4.03倍,氮磷流失强度分别是农田集水区的1.88和2.51倍.因此,复合集水区内氮磷随径流流失的防控可能是未来川中丘陵区面源污染治理的重点.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	徐光志
	邵志江
	汪涛
	黄美玉
	李明明

关键词 ：氮, 磷, 流失强度, 下垫面, 集水区

Abstract：To investigate the effects of different underlying surfaces on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses via surface flow at a catchment scale, continuous daily monitoring of the surface flow and the concentrations of N and P was conducted in an agricultural catchment (AC) and a compound catchment (CC) in a hilly area of central Sichuan from 2019 to 2020. Results demonstrated a significant difference in the runoff process between the two catchments. The peak value of the surface flow was larger, the response speed was12 to 25min faster, and the annual runoff depth was 28.1% greater in CC than in AC. These results highlighted the effects of the contrasting underlying surfaces on the speed of runoff process, with the process being slowed down by the paddy fields and ponds in AC but speeded up by the impervious surfaces of the residential areas and roads in CC. During each rainfall event, the P concentration in runoff dropped more drastically, particularly in the late stage of the event, and the timing of peak P concentration was about 1.2hours earlier than those of N, respectively. Both the event mean concentration (EMC) and peak concentration of P or N were higher in CC than in AC. Nitrate-N was the main form of N losses in both catchments, accounting for 65.9% of the total N loss; while particulate P was the primary P form in the runoff, contributing to 67.5% of the total P loss. The N and P loads in CC were 3.01 and 4.03 times larger than those in AC, respectively, and the loss intensity of N and P in CC were 1.88 and 2.51times greater than those in AC, respectively. Therefore, the control of N and P losses from the compound catchments could be critical for the non-point source pollution control in hilly areas of central Sichuan in the future.

Key words： nitrogen phosphorus loss intensity underlying surface catchment

收稿日期: 2021-12-02

PACS:

X52

基金资助:四川省科技计划资助项目(2021YFN0131,2022YFS0500)

通讯作者: 汪涛,副研究员,wangt@imde.ac.cn E-mail: wangt@imde.ac.cn

作者简介: 徐光志(1997-),男,湖北武汉人,中国科学院大学硕士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染与生态控制研究.发表论文1篇.

引用本文:

徐光志, 邵志江, 汪涛, 黄美玉, 李明明. 川中丘陵区不同下垫面集水区氮磷流失特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(7): 3334-3342. XU Guang-zhi, SHAO Zhi-jiang, WANG Tao, HUANG Mei-yu, LI Ming-ming. Patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus losses in two catchments with contrasting underlying surfaces. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(7): 3334-3342.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I7/3334

[1]	王思如,杨大文,孙金华,等.我国农业面源污染现状与特征分析[J].水资源保护, 2021,37(4):140-147,172. Wang S R, Yang D W, Sun J H, et al, Analysis on status and characteristics of agricultural non point source pollution in China[J]. Water Resources Protection, 2021,37(4):140-147,172.
[2]	中华人民共和国生态环境部,第二次全国污染源普查公报[R].北京:中华人民共和国生态环境部, 2020. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. Communique of the second national census of pollution sources[R]. Beijing:Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, 2020.
[3]	徐丽贤,梁新强,周柯锦,等.山地农业小流域非点源氮磷输出特征及来源[J].水土保持通报, 2016,36(3):30-37. Xu L X, Liang X Q, Zhou K J, et al, Export characteristics and source analysis of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus in mountain agricultural small catchment[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016,36(3):30-37.
[4]	Shen Z, Liao Q, Hong Q, et al. An overview of research on agricultural non-point source pollution modelling in China[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012,84:104-111.
[5]	Liu R, Wang J, Shi J, et al. Runoff characteristics and nutrient loss mechanism from plain farmland under simulated rainfall conditions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,468-469:1069-1077.
[6]	Nsenga Kumwimba M, Meng F, Iseyemi O, et al. Removal of non-point source pollutants from domestic sewage and agricultural runoff by vegetated drainage ditches (VDDs):Design, mechanism, management strategies, and future directions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,639:742-759.
[7]	Ongley E D, Xiaolan Z, Tao Y. Current status of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution assessment in China[J]. Environment Pollution, 2010,158(5):1159-1168.
[8]	Han J G, Li Z B, Li P, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in runoff from a purple soil in an agricultural watershed[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2010,97(5):757-762.
[9]	Mihiranga H K M, Jiang Y, Li X, et al. Nitrogen/phosphorus behavior traits and implications during storm events in a semi-arid mountainous watershed[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021,791:148382.
[10]	Gao Y, Zhu B, Yu G, et al. Coupled effects of biogeochemical and hydrological processes on C, N, and P export during extreme rainfall events in a purple soil watershed in southwestern China[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2014,511:692-702.
[11]	曹瑞霞,刘京,邓开开,等.三峡库区典型紫色土小流域径流及氮磷流失特征[J].环境科学, 2019,40(12):5330-5339. Chao R X, Liu J, Deng K K, et al. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus losses and runoff in a typical purple soil watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(12):5330-5339.
[12]	梁爽,陈敏,肖尚斌,等.鄂西长江喀斯特小流域氮磷输出特征[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2021,30(10):2471-2481. Liang S, Chen M, Xiao S B, et al. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus output in the small karst watershed of the Yangtze river in western hubei[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2021,30(10):2471-2481.
[13]	苏静君,赵洪涛,焦茹媛,等.基于R语言的非点源颗粒态磷指数构建及应用——以丘陵红壤区小流域为例[J].中国环境科学, 2021, 41(4):1868-1877. Su J J, Zhao H T, Jiao R Y, et al. Identifying the critical sources areas of non-point particulate phosphorus based on an index approach in R:A case study in red soil hilly micro-watershed[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(4):1868-1877.
[14]	高晓曦,左德鹏,马广文,等.阿什河流域氮磷输出负荷及其与下垫面特征的关系研究[J].中国农村水利水电, 2020,(4):5-12. Gao X X, Zuo D P, Ma G W, et al. Relationship between character of underlying surface with load of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Ashi river basin[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2020,(4):5-12.
[15]	李文超,翟丽梅,刘宏斌,等.流域磷素面源污染产生与输移空间分异特征[J].中国环境科学, 2017,37(2):711-719. Li W C, Zhai L M, Liu H B, et al. Contrasting spatial distribution of the emission and export of phosphorus loss from a typical watershed in Yunnan Plateau Lakes Area[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017, 37(2):711-719.
[16]	Li W, Lei Q, Yen H, et al. Investigation of watershed nutrient export affected by extreme events and the corresponding sampling frequency[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019,250:109477.
[17]	Zhong X, Zhang L, Zhang N, et al. Soil N and P Loss in Slope Farmland of Dianchi Watershed[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018,32(3):42-47.
[18]	张天鹏,雷秋良,秦丽欢,等.香溪河流域人类活动净磷输入量及其影响因素[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(11):4957-4964. Zhang T P, Lei Q L, Qin L H, et al. Net phosphorus input from human activities and its influencing factors in Xiangxi River Watershed. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(11):4957-4964
[19]	Huang J, Zhang Y, Bing H, et al. Characterizing the river water quality in China:Recent progress and on-going challenges[J]. Water Research, 2021,201:117309.
[20]	Qiao F, Meng W, Zheng B H, et al. Pollutant accounting and source analyses in the Yangtze River basin[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2013,26(1):80-87.
[21]	中国科学院成都分院土壤研究室.中国紫色土上篇[M].北京:科学出版社, 1991:277-283. Soil Laboratory, Chengdu Branch, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Purple soil in China (one)[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1991:277-283.
[22]	朱波,汪涛,徐泰平,等.紫色丘陵区典型小流域氮素迁移及其环境效应[J].山地学报, 2006,24(5):601-606. Zhu B, Wang T, XU T P, et al, Non-point-source nitrogen movement and its environmental effects in a small watershed in hilly area of purplr soil[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 24(5):601-606.
[23]	Ouyang W, Li Z, Liu J, et al. Inventory of apparent nitrogen and phosphorus balance and risk of potential pollution in typical sloping cropland of purple soil in China-A case study in the Three Gorges Reservoir region[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2017,106:620-628.
[24]	朱波,汪涛,王建超,等.三峡库区典型小流域非点源氮磷污染的来源与负荷[J].中国水土保持, 2010,(10):34-36,71. Zhu B, Wang T, Wang J C, et al. Source and load of non-point source nitrous and phosphorus pollution of typical small watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2010,(10):34-36,71.
[25]	韩黎阳,黄志霖,肖文发,等.三峡库区兰陵溪小流域土地利用及景观格局对氮磷输出的影响[J].环境科学, 2014,35(3):1091-1097. Han L Y, Huang Z L, Xiao W F, et al. Effects of land use and landscape pattern on nitrogen and phosphorus exports in Lanlingxi watershed of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2014,35(3):1091-1097.
[26]	李兆富,杨桂山,李恒鹏.西苕溪典型小流域土地利用对氮素输出的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2005,(6):678-681. Li Z F, Yang G S, Li H P. Influence of land use on nitrogen exports in Xitiaoxi typical sub-watersheds. China Environmental Science, 2005,25(6):678-681.
[27]	杨小林,朱波,董玉龙,等.紫色土丘陵区小流域非点源氮迁移特征研究[J].水利学报, 2013,44(3):276-283. Yang X L, Zhu B, Dong Y L, et al. Transport processes of diffuse nitrogen in typical catchments in the hilly area of purple soil[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2013,44(3):276-283.
[28]	魏林宏,张斌,程训强.水文过程对农业小流域氮素迁移的影响[J].水利学报, 2007,38(9):1145-1150. Wei L H, Zhang B, Cheng X Q. Effects of hydrological factors on nitrogen loss in small agricultural catchments[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2007,38(9):1145-1150.
[29]	GB/T 21303-2017灌溉渠道系统量水规范[S]. GB/T 21303-2017 Specifications for water measurement of irrigation canal system[S].
[30]	HJ 636-2012水质总氮的测定碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法[S]. HJ 636-2012 Water quality-Determination of total nitrogen-Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion UV spectrophotometric method[S].
[31]	GB/T 11893-1989水质总磷的测定钼酸铵分光光度法[S]. GB/T 11893-1989 Water quality-Determination of total phosphorusAmmonium molybdate spectrophotometric method[S].
[32]	Hu Z F, Gao M, Xie D T, et al. Phosphorus loss from dry sloping lands of Three Gorges Reservoir area, China[J]. Pedosphere, 2013,23(3):385-394.
[33]	钟雄,张丽,张乃明,等.滇池流域坡耕地土壤氮磷流失效应[J].水土保持学报, 2018,32(3):42-47. Zhong X, Zhang L, Zhang N M, et al. Soil N and P loss in slope farmland of dianchi watershed[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018,32(3):42-47.
[34]	李照会.基于DEM的山丘区小流域特征研究及应用[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院, 2019. Li Z H. Study and application of small watershed characteristics in hilly area based on DEM[D]. Beijing:China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 2019.
[35]	王芮,唐家良,章熙锋,等.亚热带农业小流域暴雨过程硝态氮迁移特征及水文示踪研究[J].水利学报, 2016,47(8):996-1004,1016. Wang R, Tang J L, Zhang X F, et al. Characteristics of Nitrate-N losses through runoff and hydrological tracing in subtropical agricultural catchments[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 47(8):996-1004,1016.
[36]	周涛,朱首军,高美荣,等.农作型小流域土地利用方式与拦蓄径流的关系[J].西北林学院学报, 2010,25(3):50-53. Zhou T, Zhu S J, Gao M R, et al. Relationship between land use structure and runoff interception in watershed of central hill region of Sichuan basin[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2010, 25(3):50-53.
[37]	李晓虹,刘宏斌,雷秋良,等.人类活动净氮输入时空变化特征及其影响因素——以香溪河流域为例[J].中国环境科学, 2019,39(2):812-817. Li X H, Liu H B, Lei Q L, et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics and influential factors of net anthropogenic nitrogen input:A case study of Xiangxi River Watershed[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(2):812-817.
[38]	Manning D W P, Rosemond A D, Benstead J P, et al. Transport of N and P in U.S. streams and rivers differs with land use and between dissolved and particulate forms[J]. Ecol Appl, 2020,30(6):e02130.
[39]	Matej-Lukowicz K, Wojciechowska E, Nawrot N, et al. Seasonal contributions of nutrients from small urban and agricultural watersheds in northern Poland[J]. PeerJ, 2020,2020(2):e8381.
[40]	韩阳,董志新,肖乾颖,等.无动力级联生物滤池对山区村镇生活污水的净化效果[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(5):2232-2239. Han Y, Dong Z X, Xiao Q Y, et al. Purification effect of non-dynamic cascading bio-filter on domestic sewage in a mountainous village[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(5):2232-2239.
[41]	张林,黄志霖,肖文发,等.三峡库区兰陵溪小流域径流氮磷输出及其降雨径流过程特征[J].环境科学, 2018,39(2):792-799. Zhang L, Huang Z L, Xiao W F, et al. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus output in runoff and rainfall runoff in lanlingxi watershed, Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Environment Science, 2018,39(2):792-799.
[42]	任盛明,曹龙熹,孙波.亚热带中尺度流域氮磷输出的长期变化规律与影响因素[J].土壤, 2014,46(6):1024-1031. Ren S M, Cao L X, Sun B, et al. Long-term changes of nitrogen and phosphorus exports and their affecting factors in a basin in subtropical China[J]. Soils, 2014,46(6):1024-1031.
[43]	陈仕奇,龙翼,严冬春,等.三峡库区石盘丘小流域氮磷输出形态及流失通量[J].环境科学, 2020,41(3):1276-1285. Chen S Q, Long Y, Yan D C, et al. Characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus output and loss flux in the Shipanqiu watershed, Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Environment Science, 2020,41(3):1276-1285.
[44]	史书.三峡库区典型农业小流域氮磷径流排放及淋溶流失[D].重庆:西南大学, 2015. Shi S. Nitrogen and phosphorus runoff discharge and leaching loss in a small typical agricultural watershed of the Three-Gorges Reservoir Region[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University, 2015.
[45]	罗柏林,尚二凤,林晓,等.三峡库区不同稻田分布格局下农业小流域径流磷排放特征[J].农业环境科学学报, 2017,36(2):338-344. Luo B L, Shang E F, Lin X, et al. Characterization of runoff phosphorus export from small agricultural catchments with different spatial distribution patterns of rice paddies in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2017, 36(2):338-344.