报废产品中钴金属回收潜力研究

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摘要钴金属在电池材料､高温/硬质合金､磁性材料等领域的作用日益突出,由于储量的极度稀缺,供应的高度集中,目前是全球主要国家关注的焦点.从报废产品中回收钴金属,被普遍认为是减少环境污染,增加资源供给的一项关键战略.本文通过梳理文献确定了各类报废产品中钴金属的使用强度､回收方法､回收率;运用物质流分析方法和回归分析法对含钴产品需求量和报废量进行评估,估算了2022~2035年中国大陆范围内报废产品中钴金属回收潜力.结果表明:报废电池材料是钴金属主要回收来源,乘用车电池回收将是钴金属回收的重要部分;中国钴金属回收潜力逐年递增,到2035年将达到约2.4~3.8万t.最后,提出了相关建议,以期为高效处置报废产品、保护生态环境、提高资源利用效率提供支撑.

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	李杰
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关键词 ：钴, 回收潜力, 三元动力电池, 消费类电池, 高温/硬质合金

Abstract：Cobalt metal plays an increasingly prominent role in battery materials, superalloys, carbides, magnetic materials and other fields. Due to the extremely scarce of reserves and highly concentrated supply, it was currently the focus of major countries around the world. Recycling cobalt metal from end-of-life (EOL) products was generally considered as a key strategy to mitigate environmental pollution and increase resource supply. Based on existing literature, this study reviewed the content, recovery method and recycling rate of cobalt metal in different EOL products, and estimated the demand and spent quantity of cobalt containing products with material flow analysis method and regression analysis method. The recycling potential of cobalt metal in EOL products was calculated accordingly in Chinese mainland from 2022 to 2035. The results show that EOL battery materials are the main source of cobalt metal recycling, especially for passenger vehicles battery materials. China's cobalt metal recycling potential is increasing year by year, and is expected to reach about 24000~38000 tons by 2035. Finally, we put forward some suggestions to provide support for efficient disposal of EOL products, protection of ecological environment, and improvement of resource utilization efficiency.

Key words： cobalt recycling potential ternary material battery consumer batteries superalloys and carbides

收稿日期: 2022-10-24

PACS:

X705

基金资助:中国地质调查项目(DD20221795);国家自然科学基金资助项目(7191101150);国家社会科学基金资助项目(21&ZD104)

通讯作者: 李芳琴,副研究员,lifangqin.1@163.com E-mail: lifangqin.1@163.com

作者简介: 李杰(1999-),男,山西大同人,中国地质大学(北京)硕士研究生,主要从事金属存量、流量及精细化管理研究.ljjj_2022@163.com

引用本文:

李杰, 李芳琴, 黄莉, 代涛. 报废产品中钴金属回收潜力研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(6): 2960-2969. LI Jie, LI Fang-qin, HUANG Li, DAI Tao. Study on the recycling potential of cobalt metal from end-of-life products. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 2960-2969.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I6/2960

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