聚乳酸微塑料对沉积物中蓝藻复苏的影响

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摘要为探究生物可降解聚乳酸微塑料(PLA-MPs)对沉积物蓝藻复苏的影响,构建了室内复苏实验体系,分别向淡水沉积物中加入0(对照)、0.05%、0.5%及5%Fe³⁺(w/w)的PLA-MPs,并在15℃光照强度为40μE/(m²·s)条件下培养50d.结果表明,0.5%和5% PLA-MPs处理组均显著升高了上覆水的氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)和硝氮(NO₃^--N)含量(P＜0.05),实验结束时两组上覆水的NH₄⁺-N含量分别是对照组的61.19、84.94倍,NO₃^--N含量分别是对照组的5.80和17.01倍,这与沉积物中氮固定基因(nifH)、硝化基因(AOB-amoA、nxrB)的上调,反硝化基因(narG)的下调有关.同时,PLA-MPs抑制了有机磷矿化基因(phoD)的丰度,降低了沉积物中溶解氧渗透深度,促进了沉积物溶解性活性磷(SRP)的释放.随着PLA-MPs含量的增加,水柱中蓝藻门的相对丰度显著增加,分别比对照组高出12.38%、23.53%和28.54%,表明PLA-MPs促进了沉积物中蓝藻的复苏.研究结果有助于进一步识别PLA-MPs的水生态风险.

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	张丽雪
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关键词 ：聚乳酸微塑料, 蓝藻, 复苏, 氮, 磷

Abstract：Sediments are important sites for cyanobacteria overwintering, and also be the sinks of microplastics (MPs) and nutrients. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to explore the effects of biodegradable polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs) on the recruitment of dormant cyanobacteria from sediment. Different content (0, 0.05%, 0.5%, 5%, w/w) of PLA-MPs were added to the sediment and then incubated under 15℃, with light intensity of 40μE/(m²·s) for 50days. Results showed that addition of 0.5% and 5% of PLA-MPs significantly increased the concentrations of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N (P＜0.05) in the overlying water, which was 61.19 and 84.94 times, 5.80 and 17.01 times higher than that in the control, respectively. This was linked with the increase in the abundances of nitrogen fixation (nifH), nitrification(AOB-amoA、nxrB) and the reduction of denitrification (narG) genes. Besides, the abundance of the phoD gene that involved in organophosphorus mineralization, the oxygen penetration depth in sediment were also decreased with the presence of PLA-MPs, which probably promote the release of sedimentary phosphorus. Moreover, the relative abundance of the cyanobacterial phylum in the water increased significantly with the increase in PLA-MPs content, which was 12.38%, 23.53% and 28.54% higher than that of the control group, respectively, indicating that PLA-MPs promoted the recruitment of sedimentary cyanobacteria. These findings may extend the current understanding of the potential aquatic risk of biodegradable PLA-MPs.

Key words： polylactic acid microplastics cyanobacteria recruitment nitrogen phosphorus

收稿日期: 2023-10-07

PACS:

X703.5

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370199);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0092)

通讯作者: 李宏,副教授,hongli@cqu.edu.cn E-mail: hongli@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张丽雪(1999-),女,云南文山人,重庆大学环境与生态学院硕士研究生,主要从事微塑料环境效应相关研究.发表论文2篇.Lixue-zhang@stu.cqu.edu.cn

引用本文:

张丽雪, 唐炳然, 李宏. 聚乳酸微塑料对沉积物中蓝藻复苏的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(5): 2660-2671. ZHANG Li-xue, TANG Bing-ran, LI Hong. Effects of polylactic acid microplastics on the recruitment of cyanobacteria from sediments. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(5): 2660-2671.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/2660

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