低碳氮比进水反硝化生物滤池亚硝积累成因

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摘要针对再生水厂反硝化生物滤池出水亚硝酸盐累积的现象,调研了4座再生水厂反硝化滤池单元出水亚硝酸盐积累情况,选取G(存在亚硝酸盐积累)、W(无亚硝酸盐积累)两座再生水厂反硝化滤池工艺单元为研究对象,探究了低碳氮比进水条件下亚硝酸盐积累的成因.结果表明,滤池的反洗周期、方式等运行参数对亚硝酸盐积累基本无影响; G厂与W厂的比污泥反硝化速率分别为0.51和0.92mgNO₃/(mgVSS·d), G厂滤池出水亚硝酸盐积累是由于滤池微生物反硝化能力弱,反硝化过程中存在硝酸盐氮时,G厂污泥亚硝还原速率比W厂低75%,更容易产生亚硝酸盐积累.当G厂污泥生物量提高至W厂浓度的2倍时,最大亚硝酸盐反硝化速率仍无法达到W厂的水平,故生物量不是G厂产生亚硝酸盐积累的主要原因.微生物群落结构分析结果表明,W厂滤池中甲基营养菌属Methylotenera的丰度比G厂高12.9%.反硝化过程主要由利用甲基类型营养的反硝化菌完成,是产生亚硝酸盐积累与否的原因,无需考虑利用其他类型有机物的菌种对亚硝酸盐积累带来的影响.

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	王慰
	刘锟
	贺赟
	鲍方博
	王刚
	许骐
	李魁晓

关键词 ：反硝化生物滤池, 低碳氮比, 亚硝酸盐积累, 反硝化速率, 微生物群落结构

Abstract：In view of the accumulation of nitrite in the effluent of denitrification biofilter in water recycling plant, nitrite accumulation in denitrification filter units of 4recycled water plants was investigated. Two denitrification filter process units of recycled water plant, G (with nitrite accumulation) and W (without nitrite accumulation), were selected as research objects to explore the causes of nitrite accumulation under the condition of low carbon to nitrogen ratio influent. The results showed that operating parameters such as backwashing cycle and mode of filter had little effect on nitrite accumulation. The sludge denitrification rates of plants G and W were 0.51 and 0.92 mgNO₃/(mgVSS·d), respectively. The accumulation of nitrite in the effluent from the filter of Plant G was due to the weak denitrification ability of microorganisms in the filter. When nitrate nitrogen was present in the denitrification process, the denitrification rate of nitrite in the sludge of Plant G was 75% lower than that of plant W, and it was easier to produce nitrite accumulation. When the sludge biomass of Plant G was increased to twice the concentration of plant W, the maximum nitrite denitrification rate still couldn’t reach the level of plant W, so the biomass was not the main reason for the accumulation of nitrite in Plant G. The results of microbial community structure analysis showed that the abundance of Methylotenera in the filter of W plant was 12.9% higher than that of G plant. The denitrification process was mainly completed by denitrifying bacteria using methyl type nutrition, which was the cause of nitrite accumulation happening or not, and it was not necessary to consider the influence of bacteria species using other organic types on nitrite accumulation.

Key words： denitrifying biological filter low carbon nitrogen ratio nitrite accumulation denitrification rate microbial community structure

收稿日期: 2024-08-08

PACS:

X703.1

作者简介: 王慰(1991-),女,北京人,工程师,硕士,主要从事污水生物脱氮技术、极限脱氮除磷技术等研究方向.发表论文5篇.ww05133@sina.com.

引用本文:

王慰, 刘锟, 贺赟, 鲍方博, 王刚, 许骐, 李魁晓. 低碳氮比进水反硝化生物滤池亚硝积累成因[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(3): 1333-1340. WANG Wei, LIU Kun, HE Yun, BAO Fang-bo, WANG Gang, XU Qi, LI Kui-xiao. Causes of nitrite accumulation in low carbon nitrogen ratio influent denitrification biological filter. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(3): 1333-1340.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I3/1333

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