Study on the spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric particulate pollution and its dust components in Xinjiang, northwest China

XUE Yi-bo; ZHANG Xiao-xiao; LEI Jia-qiang; LI Sheng-yu

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China Environmental Science ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 3012-3020.

Study on the spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric particulate pollution and its dust components in Xinjiang, northwest China

XUE Yi-bo^1,2, ZHANG Xiao-xiao¹, LEI Jia-qiang¹, LI Sheng-yu¹

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Abstract

Based on the environmental monitoring and meteorological observation data of Xinjiang, northwest China from 2020 to 2022, combined with the HYSPLIT and PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratio model, we studied the characteristics of spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric particulates, and analyzed the major transport pathways, potential source areas of dust storms as well as the dust contribution. Statistical analysis showed that the monthly average PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations presented a wavy distribution with the peak value appearing from December to March and the lowest value occurring from June to August. The spatial distribution of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ appeared a south-north gradient from high to low. The annual average PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations in the southern Xinjiang varied from 42 to 111μg/m³ and 151 to 367μg/m³, which were relatively lower in the northern and eastern Xinjiang, ranging from 10 to 62μg/m³, 21 to 110μg/m³ and 28 to 50μg/m³, 100 to 145μg/m³, respectively. The annual average PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations in 69% of the cities in Xinjiang exceeded the second-level concentration limit of the national ambient air quality standards. There was a significant positive correlation between urban atmospheric PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations (R²=0.84). PM₁₀ pollution dominated in spring, summer and autumn, and PM_2.5 pollution prevails in winter. PM₁₀ was the main air pollutant that significantly influenced regional air quality in Xinjiang. The contribution rate of PM₁₀ in AQI was 65%~96% in the southern Xinjiang, followed by the eastern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang with 58%~65% and 3%~41%, respectively. Serious atmospheric PM₁₀ pollution mainly happened in spring, and the proportion of air pollution caused by PM₁₀ was above 50% in the southern Xinjiang. The major source of dust storms disaster in Xinjiang was the Taklimakan Desert. There were significant differences in dust transport pathways, in which the high-altitude transport was mainly from the desert hinterland, while the low-altitude transport source was mostly in the eastern of the desert. The contribution rate of wind erosion dust to atmospheric PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentration was 85% and 66%, respectively.

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air quality / dust components / numerical model / PM₁₀ / PM_2.5 / spatio-temporal variation / Xinjiang

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XUE Yi-bo, ZHANG Xiao-xiao, LEI Jia-qiang, LI Sheng-yu. Study on the spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric particulate pollution and its dust components in Xinjiang, northwest China[J]. China Environmental Science. 2024, 44(6): 3012-3020

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