Sources and key influencing factors of nitrate in northern Fuxian lake

KONG Yan; TANG Cheng; FENG Hai-tao; WANG Jun-song; WANG Zhi-yun; ZHANG Xiao-xu; NI Zhao-kui; WANG Sheng-rui; SU Bin

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China Environmental Science ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10) : 5695-5705.

Environmental Ecology

Sources and key influencing factors of nitrate in northern Fuxian lake

KONG Yan¹, TANG Cheng¹, FENG Hai-tao¹, WANG Jun-song¹, WANG Zhi-yun¹, ZHANG Xiao-xu¹, NI Zhao-kui², WANG Sheng-rui², SU Bin³

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Abstract

To elucidate the sources and driving mechanisms of nitrate pollution in the inflow rivers of northern Fuxian Lake, this study collected water and soil samples from 11sites across four major river catchments (Dufangdagou, Fucheng River, Yaonigou, and Longxigou) in the northern area during both the wet and dry seasons of 2022. An integrated approach combining nitrogen and oxygen isotope tracing, water chemistry analysis, land use assessment, and the MixSIAR model was employed to quantitatively determine the contributions of various nitrogen pollution sources and to identify the key factors influencing nitrate pollution. The results indicated that nitratenitrogen was the predominant nitrogen species, accounting for over 60% of total nitrogen (TN), with an increased proportion during the wet season. Soil nitrogen loss and sewage/manure discharge were identified as the primary sources of nitrate pollution, contributing 31.1%~56.1% and 15.6%~38.9%, respectively, followed by chemical fertilizer application (10.2%~45%) and atmospheric nitrogen deposition (3.3%~16.7%). Notably, the contribution from domestic sewage increased substantially in Fucheng River and Yaonigou catchments during the wet season, likely due to intensified runoff scouring and sewage overflow. In addition, soils under vegetable cultivation exhibited greater nitrate loss compared to those planted with blueberries, wheat, or tobacco, with irrigation during the dry season further exacerbating nitrogen loss. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted management strategies to mitigate nitrate loss from legacy nitrogen pools in agricultural soils, particularly in vegetable fields.

Key words

inflow rivers of Fuxian lake / nitrate / source / nitrogen and oxygen isotope / planting mode

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KONG Yan, TANG Cheng, FENG Hai-tao, WANG Jun-song, WANG Zhi-yun, ZHANG Xiao-xu, NI Zhao-kui, WANG Sheng-rui, SU Bin. Sources and key influencing factors of nitrate in northern Fuxian lake[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(10): 5695-5705

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