Pollution characterization and priority pollutant identification in Shanghai’s typical fine chemical industry

YE Chun-mei; LIU Fang; YANG Jie

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China Environmental Science ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5) : 2671-2680.

Soil Pollution Control

Pollution characterization and priority pollutant identification in Shanghai’s typical fine chemical industry

YE Chun-mei^1,2, LIU Fang^1,2, YANG Jie^1,2

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Abstract

Based on the monitoring data of 47 typical fine chemical in-process sites in Shanghai, the pollution of soil and groundwater in this industry was analyzed, the health risk of pollutants was evaluated, and high-priority pollutants were screened. The findings revealed that the industries with the highest pollution risk were those involved in basic chemical raw material manufacturing, pesticide manufacturing, paint and similar product manufacturing, and specialty chemical product manufacturing, collectively representing 70% of the contaminated sites. In comparison, the chemical raw material manufacturing industry exhibited a pollution risk of 54.55%, while the daily chemical products manufacturing industry showed the lowest pollution risk (0%). The most frequently detected contaminants in the soil and groundwater included arsenic, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), which were present at relatively low concentrations. In contrast, benzene derivatives (BTEXs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and most chlorinated hydrocarbons (CAHs) were detected in small areas of certain sites, indicating more severe contamination levels. Furthermore, cyanides, antimony, manganese, and tetrachloroethylene were found in larger areas of certain sites, representing the highest contamination levels. The pollution profile of the basic chemical raw material manufacturing industry was the most complex, involving cyanide, antimony, arsenic, manganese, mercury, CAHs, PAHs, and TPH. On the other hand, pesticide manufacturing, paint and similar product manufacturing, and specialty chemical product manufacturing industries were primarily contaminated by CAHs and BTEXs. A notable observation was the evident soil-water compound pollution phenomenon involving chlorinated hydrocarbons and benzenes. Through comprehensive environmental exposure and human health risk assessments, the following were identified as high-priority soil pollutants: arsenic, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzo[a]pyrene, antimony, vanadium, trichloroethylene, lead, carbon tetrachloride, and naphthalene. For groundwater, the high-priority pollutants included trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, cyanide, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, methylene chloride, nickel, antimony, manganese and trichloroethylene.

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contamination characteristics / fine chemicals / groundwater / priority pollutants / soil / spatial distribution

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YE Chun-mei, LIU Fang, YANG Jie. Pollution characterization and priority pollutant identification in Shanghai’s typical fine chemical industry[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(5): 2671-2680

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