Simulation study on the migration and transformation characteristics of nutrients at the sediment-water interface of Hengshui Lake

WANG Zan-chun; SUN Ming-dong; CHEN Li-bin; XIE Pei; SUN Ning; LIU Cheng-zhen; CHEN Cong-cong; QIAO Fei

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China Environmental Science ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9) : 5071-5080.

Simulation study on the migration and transformation characteristics of nutrients at the sediment-water interface of Hengshui Lake

WANG Zan-chun^1,2, SUN Ming-dong¹, CHEN Li-bin², XIE Pei¹, SUN Ning¹, LIU Cheng-zhen^1,2, CHEN Cong-cong^1,3, QIAO Fei¹

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Abstract

Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in lakes are indicative indicators of water eutrophication. To explore the impact of nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediments in Hengshui Lake on the evolution of water environment quality, a hydrodynamics- water quality-sediment model of Hengshui Lake was constructed based on the EFDC model. The "source" and "sink" transformation processes of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment-water interface and the magnitude of nutrient fluxes were analyzed. Through scenario simulation analysis, the impact of internal nutrient release in Hengshui Lake on lake water quality was evaluated, and the regulatory capacity of lake sediments on water quality under the conditions of large input of external pollutants or implementation of dredging projects was discussed. The results showed that the release fluxes of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in the sediments of Hengshui Lake exhibited obvious temporal and spatial variations. During water replenishment, the annual net fluxes of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in the Wangkou Gate area increased by 48%, 86% and 75% respectively compared with the average values in the central part of the lake. In the plant area, the annual net deposition flux of ammonia nitrogen was 2.7 times higher than that in the non-plant area in the central part of the lake, and the annual net release flux of phosphate was 3.75 times higher. In the scenario simulation settings, the TN concentration in the water body decreased by 10%~25% when sediments were present compared with when there were no sediments, while the TP concentration increased by 4%~33%, which revealed the risk of internal TP release in Hengshui Lake. When the input of external nutrients increased sharply, a large amount of nutrients were caused to settle into the sediments at the bottom of the lake, and the nutrient content in the sediments tended to reach a new equilibrium state after about 2 years. When dredging was excessive, it took about 3 years for the lake sediments to recover to the dynamic equilibrium state of the lake.

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Hengshui Lake / EFDC model / sediments / nitrogen and phosphorus release flux / sediment regulation

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WANG Zan-chun, SUN Ming-dong, CHEN Li-bin, XIE Pei, SUN Ning, LIU Cheng-zhen, CHEN Cong-cong, QIAO Fei. Simulation study on the migration and transformation characteristics of nutrients at the sediment-water interface of Hengshui Lake[J]. China Environmental Science. 2025, 45(9): 5071-5080

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