Corrosion characteristics and mechanism of water distribution networks under the coupling effect of NaClO and iron-oxidizing bacteria

ZHU Jing-yu; ZHANG Hui; LIU Sha-sha; FENG Yong-jia; JIA Pei-xin; JI Yi-meng

PDF(2230 KB)

China Environmental Science ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3) : 1407-1416.

Corrosion characteristics and mechanism of water distribution networks under the coupling effect of NaClO and iron-oxidizing bacteria

ZHU Jing-yu¹, ZHANG Hui¹, LIU Sha-sha², FENG Yong-jia¹, JIA Pei-xin¹, JI Yi-meng¹

Author information +

History +

Abstract

This study established a static simulation experimental system, using sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as a representative disinfectant and iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) strain LSS-1as a representative corrosive microorganism, to investigate their combined effects on total iron concentration, corrosion rate, electrochemical characteristics during corrosion, and physicochemical properties of corrosion products. The results indicated that the coupling of NaClO and LSS-1 promoted the corrosion of cast iron coupons. Under the condition of LSS-1 with 4.00mg/L NaClO, the corrosion rate after 30 days increased by 0.06mm/a, and the average total iron concentration increased by 5.76mg/L compared to the condition without LSS-1 and NaClO. Under the coupled condition, the self-corrosion potential (E₀) shifted negatively, and the current density (I₀) increased. Furthermore, the main corrosion products generated under the coupled condition included α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, and CaCO₃.

Key words

water distribution network / iron-oxidizing bacteria / microbial influenced corrosion / disinfectant

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

ZHU Jing-yu, ZHANG Hui, LIU Sha-sha, FENG Yong-jia, JIA Pei-xin, JI Yi-meng. Corrosion characteristics and mechanism of water distribution networks under the coupling effect of NaClO and iron-oxidizing bacteria[J]. China Environmental Science. 2026, 46(3): 1407-1416

References

[1] 郭浩,田一梅,张海亚,等.铁质金属供水管道的内腐蚀研究进展 [J]. 中国给水排水, 2020,36(12):70-75. Guo H, Tian Y M, Zhang H Y, et al. Research progress on internal corrosion of iron-metal pipes of water distribution systems [J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2020,36(12):70-75.
[2] 王斌,张正洪,程亚,等.西北地区某市地下水供水管网黄水产生原因分析与控制技术中试研究 [J]. 给水排水, 2024,60(5):118-127. Wang B, Zhang Z H, Cheng Y, et al. Cause analysis and control technology pilot study of yellow water in a groundwater water supply network in a city in northwest China [J]. Water & Wastewater Engineering, 2024,60(05):118-127.
[3] 陈灏琳,田一梅,郭浩,等.NaClO对再生水球墨铸铁管道腐蚀行为的影响 [J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术, 2017,29(1):41-47. Chen H L, Tian Y M, Guo H, et al. Effect of sodium hypochlorite on corrosion behavior of ductile cast iron pipe in reclaimed water [J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2017,29(1):41-47.
[4] Zhang H Y, Tian Y M, Guo H, et al. Electrochemical corrosion of cast iron pipes in reclaimed water containing disinfectant [J]. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2018,13(9):9069-9084.
[5] Zhang H Y, Zhao L T, Liu D B, et al. Early period corrosion and scaling characteristics of ductile iron pipe for ground water supply with sodium hypochlorite disinfection [J]. Water Research, 2020,176: 115742.
[6] Fei Sun, Na Zhang, Shen Chen, et al. Effect of temperature and NaClO on the corrosion behavior of copper in synthetic tap water [J]. Metals, 2024,14(5):543.
[7] Su W, Tian Y M, Peng S. The influence of sodium hypochlorite biocide on the corrosion of carbon steel in reclaimed water used as circulating cooling water [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014,315: 95-103.
[8] 杨宏涛,丛苹,周荣敏.城市给水管网腐蚀机理及防护措施 [J]. 管道技术与设备, 2008,(3):50-51,62. Yang H T, Cong P, Zhou R M. Mechanics of corrosion on pipe networks of water supply and prevention measures [J]. Pipeline Technique and Equipment, 2008,(3):50-51,62.
[9] 吕亚林,刘宏伟,熊福平,等.铁氧化菌对X80管线钢腐蚀行为的影响 [J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术, 2017,29(4):343-348. Lv Y L, Liu H W, Xiong F P, et al. Corrosion behavior of X80pipeline steel in oil-field produced water containing iron oxidizing bacteria [J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2017,29(4):343-348.
[10] 刘宏伟,刘宏芳.铁氧化菌引起的钢铁材料腐蚀研究进展 [J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2017,37(3):195-206. Liu H W, Liu H F. Research progress of corrosion of steels induced by iron oxidizing bacteria [J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection, 2017,37(3):195-206.
[11] Yue Y Y, Lv M Y, Du M. The corrosion behavior and mechanism of X65steel induced by iron-oxidizing bacteria in the seawater environment [J]. Materials And Corrosion-Werkstoffe Und Korrosion, 2019,70(10):1852-1861.
[12] 邱丽娜,张玮玮,弓爱君,等.腐蚀微生物种类及腐蚀机理研究进展 [J]. 工程科学学报, 2023,45(6):927-940. Qiu L N, Zhang W W, Gong A J. Species of corrosive microbes and corrosion mechanisms [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2023,45(6): 927-940.
[13] 王怡怡.给水铸铁管道中腐殖酸对氧化微杆菌的腐蚀特性影响研究 [D]. 西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2021. Wang Y Y. Effect of humic acid on corrosion characteristics of Microbacterium oxydans on cast iron pipes [D]. Xi'an, China: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 2021.
[14] 张海亚.消毒剂—微生物耦合作用下再生水管道腐蚀机理研究 [D]. 天津:天津大学, 2017. Zhang H Y. Corrosion mechanisms of reclaimed water pipes under the synergistic effect of disinfectants and microorganisms [D]. Tianjin, China: Tianjin University, 2017.
[15] 文刚,王静怡,黄廷林,等.流式细胞仪在水处理中的应用现状与展望 [J]. 中国给水排水, 2014,30(18):58-62. Wen G, Wang J Y, Huang T L, et al. Application of flow cytometer to water treatment: status and perspectives [J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2014,30(18):58-62.
[16] Zhu Y, Wang H B, Li X X, et al. Characterization of biofilm and corrosion of cast iron pipes in drinking water distribution system with UV/Cl₂ disinfection [J]. Water Research, 2014,60:174-181.
[17] Wang H B, Hu C, Han L C, et al. Effects of microbial cycling of Fe(II)/Fe(III) and Fe/N on cast iron corrosion in simulated drinking water distribution systems [J]. Corrosion Science, 2015,100:599-606.
[18] 孙海洋,杨根兰,蒋文杰,等.测定红层砂岩亚铁含量的邻菲啰啉分光光度法标准化研究 [J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2024,43(6):1229- 1238. Sun H Y, Yang G L, Jiang W J, et al. A study on the standardization of phenanthroline spectrophotometry for thedetermination of ferrous iron content in red layered sandstone [J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2024,43(6):1229-1238.
[19] 毛小林.水性防腐涂层的制备及其耐腐蚀性能研究 [D]. 兰州:西北师范大学, 2018. Mao X L. Preparation and corrosion resistance of waterborne anticorrosive coatings [D]. Lanzhou: Northwest Normal University, 2018.
[20] Zhang G, Li B, Liu J, et al. The bacterial community significantly promotes cast iron corrosion in reclaimed wastewater distribution systems [J]. Microbiome, 2018,6(1):222.
[21] Zhang H Y, Tian Y M, Kang M X, et al. Effects of chlorination/chlorine dioxide disinfection on biofilm bacterial community and corrosion process in a reclaimed water distribution system [J]. Chemosphere, 2019,215:62-73.
[22] Lee W S, Aziz H A, Tajarudin H A. A recent development on iron-oxidising bacteria (IOB) applications in water and wastewater treatment [J]. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022,49:103109.
[23] 胡家元,曹顺安,谢建丽.锈层对海水淡化一级反渗透产水中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响 [J]. 物理化学学报, 2012,28(5):1153-1162. Hu J Y, Cao S A, Xie J L. Effect of rust layer on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in reverse osmosis product water [J]. Acta Physico- Chimica Sinica, 2012,28(5):1153-1162.
[24] Duan L F, Jia S S, Wang T H, et al. Synthesis and characterization of hollow Fe₂O₃ submicrospheres by a simple solvothermal synthesis [J]. Metals and Materials International, 2011,17(5):801-804.
[25] Xu N, Yan H, Jiao X, et al. Effect of OH^- concentration on Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle morphologies supported by first principle calculation [J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2020,547:125780.
[26] 范明洲,张卉,王龙,等.富里酸、硫酸盐与碱度耦合影响下的给水管网铁释放及管垢铁形态 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2026,46(1):168- 177. Fan M Z, Zhang H, Wang L, et al. Iron release and iron form of pipe scale in water distribution system under the coupling influence of fulvic acid, sulfate and alkalinity [J]. China Environmental Science, 2026,46(1):168-177.
[27] 都有为,李正宇,陆怀先,等.FeOOH生成条件的研究(Ⅰ) [J]. 物理学报, 1979,(5):705-711. Du Y W, Li Z Y, Lu H X, et al. A study on growth condition of FeOOH(Ⅰ) [J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 1979,(5):705-711.
[28] Nguyen T, Montemor M F. γ-FeOOH and amorphous Ni-Mn hydroxide on carbon nanofoam paper electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors [J]. Joutnal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018,6(6):2612-2624.
[29] Yang T, Liu Y G, Huang Z H, et al. Porous peony-like α-Fe₂O₃ hierarchical micro/nanostructures: synthesis, characterization and its lithium storage properties [J]. Rsc Advances, 2014,4(78):41578- 41583.
[30] Yun J, Yu R, Park S, et al. Tunable red-yellow coloration of β- FeOOH pigments by coating and controlling morphology [J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2017,17(5):3424-3429.
[31] Amani-Ghadim A R, Alizadeh S, Khodam F, et al. Synthesis of rod-like α-FeOOH nanoparticles and its photocatalytic activity in degradation of an azo dye: Empirical kinetic model development [J]. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical, 2015,408:60-68.
[32] 王龙,张卉,张珊,等.流速、pH值、硫酸根和碱度耦合变化对管网铁释放的影响 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2025,45(1):124-131. Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang S, et al. Coupling effects of flow rate, pH value, sulfate, and alkalinity on iron release from drinking water distribution systems [J]. China Environmental Science, 2025,45(1): 124-131.
[33] 黄涛.耐候钢在南海海洋大气环境下的腐蚀行为研究 [D]. 北京:钢铁研究总院, 2018. Huang T. Research on corrosion behavior of weathering steel in marine atmosphere of the South China sea [D]. Beijing: CISRI Advanced Steel Materials Division, 2018.
[34] Liu H X, Huang F, Yuan W, et al. Essential role of element Si in corrosion resistance of a bridge steel in chloride atmosphere [J]. Corrosion Science, 2020,173:108758.
[35] 叶志阳,余仲达,尤静林,等.取向硅钢脱碳退火氧化层的物相检测方法研究 [J]. 上海金属, 2015,37(6):1-4. Ye Z Y, Yu Z D, You J L, et al. Phase detecting research of oxide layer formed during decarburization annealing of grain oriented silicon steel [J]. Shanghai Metals, 2015,37(6):1-4.
[36] McBeth J M, Emerson D. In situ microbial community succession on mild steel in estuarine and marine environments: exploring the role of iron-oxidizing bacteria [J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2016,7:767.
[37] Vilmain J B, Courousse V, Biard P F, et al. Kinetic study of hydrogen sulfide absorption in aqueous chlorine solution [J]. Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2014,92(2):191-204.