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| Source determination and characterization of extractable organic compounds in the total suspended particles (TSP) of Guangzhou, China |
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Abstract The total extracts of the total suspended particles (TSP), collected in Guangzhou from 2002 to 2003, were derivatized with N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The aerosols contained alkanes, PAHs, esters, n-alkanols, phenols, acids, steroids, lignin products and saccharides. Acids constituted the highest organic component (24.65% to 40.38%) among the total identified organic compounds (TOCs) excluding the unresolved complex mixture (UCM). This was followed by saccharides (15.57% to 36.18%).The predominant fatty acids in all samples were C16:0 and C18:0, whereas the predominant long-chain fatty acid (>20) was C24:0.The highest dicarboxylic acid concentration was obtained in winter, with meteorological conditions, such as wind direction, rainwater, and inversion layers, strongly influencing the seasonal variability. The contribution of different emission sources based on the organic compound tracers were then modeled and apportioned. The contribution of emissions from fossil fuel utilization to the total compound mass (TCM: TOC + UCM) accounted for 64.28% on seasonal average. Plant wax lipids contributed 10.99 % of TCM on seasonal average, whereas emissions from the burning of biomass smoke accounted for 8.58% of TCM on seasonal average.
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Received: 27 December 2010
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