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| Dietary exposure and risk assessment of nonylphenol and octylphenol from the Shenzhen total diet |
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Abstract To assess dietary exposure to nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) for Shenzhen population. The exposure assessment was carried out based on the diet survey and representative food samples from Shenzhen total diet study. 853 residents from 244 households in Shenzhen were selected through multi-stage randomized cluster sampling. Food consumption data was collected by three 24-h recalls and weighting and recording method. High performance liquid chromatography-mass/mass (HPLC-MS/MS) with solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction method was established for determination of NP and OP in food samples. Risk index was used for estimating the human exposure risk. The total daily amount of NP intake from the foods in urban area, suburban area and the whole city were 89.7,128.9,116.2ng/(kg×bw) respectively. The total daily amount of OP intake was 42.7ng/(kg×bw) for urban area, 35.3ng/(kg×bw) for suburban area and 39.3 ng/(kg×bw) for the whole city. For risk assessment, the risk indexes of NP for the residents of urban and suburban area and the whole city were 0.02, 0.03 and 0.02 respectively, while the indexes of OP for the three were all 0.0004. NP exposure was higher than OP in Shenzhen population, but the risk indexes for the two were lower than 1. Thus, the amount of NP and OP intakes through the total diet were found to be at a relatively safe level.
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Received: 18 November 2012
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