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| Distribution, source and health risk assessment of heavy metals in the water of Jiulong River, Fujian |
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Abstract Seven heavy metals (Zn Cu As Cr Pb Ni and Cd) were investigated for their concentration and distribution in the Jiulong River where 27water samples were collected in its mainstream. The main source of these heavy metals were speculated using the factor analysis, and relevant health risk were assessed using water pollution index and USEPA health risk assessment model. The results showed that the average concentrations of As exceeded the relevant standards and the exceeding standard rate was 14.81%. Spatial structure analysis indicated that areas of over-standard heavy metal were mainly in the downstream and estuary of the basin. The results of factor analysis indicated that the source of As, Cr, Cu and Ni were mainly from various human activities; the content of Cd, Pb and Zn were mainly affected by the soil parent material, geochemistry effects and cultivation. It was indicated that health risks of carcinogenic heavy metals via drinking water ingestion were higher than those of noncarcinogenic metals and, heavy metal pollution would lead to high potential health risks especially for children. The health risks caused by the carcinogenic metals (Cr and As) were significantly higher than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP(5×10-5a-1). Among the noncarcinogens, the highest risk was associated with Cu, followed by Pb, Zn and Ni. The noncarcinogenic risks ranged from 10-9 to 10-10a-1, much lower than the maximum allowance level recommended by ICRP.
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Received: 23 October 2013
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CHEN Huan-Yu, LIU Jing-Qing, WEI Zong-Yuan, ZHANG Hui-Hui, HE Xiao-Fang, ZHOU Xiao-Yan, QIU Shang-De, HU Bao-Lan, LOU Li-Ping. Radial differences in contaminant distribution in large-diameter pipe scales of main pipelines in drinking water distribution system[J]. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2015, 35(9): 2706-2712. |
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