In order to acquire the current status of groundwater quality in the plain area of Yanqi Basin, Xinjiang, 42 groundwater and 10 surface water samples were collected according to the relating requirements and standards. The detection of organic pollutants in the study area was the first time and totally come to 39 testing items. The samples were analyzed by qualified laboratories. The investigation results showed that there were three organic contaminants detected in groundwater. Among these compounds, detection rate of trichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane and 1, 2-dichlorobenzene were 30.95%, 2.38% and 2.38%, respectively. Content of the three compounds did not exceed the drinking water standards. The organic pollution assessment results showed that in the plain area of Yanqi Basin the organic pollutants were not to do harm to environment. Detection rate of the groundwater organic pollutants of the different land use types were grassplot > cultivated land > construction land. Most of the 14 detection points of groundwater organic pollutants distributed the unsaturated zone of the loam and the sandy loam. The others distributed the unsaturated zone of the sandy gravel. Only the B03 (Kaidu River) were detected trace amounts of trichloromethane and the organic pollutants in groundwater were not from the surface water.