|
|
Synergistic control of combined amendment on bioavailability and accumulation of Cd and As in rice paddy soil |
GU Jiao-feng, ZHOU Hang, WU Yu-jun, ZHU Wei, ZOU Zi-jin, PENG Pei-qin, ZENG Min, LIAO Bo-han |
College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China |
|
|
Abstract To reduce the contents of Cd and As in brown rice, meeting requirements of the National Food Standards (GB 2762~2012), a pot experiment was conducted to study the synergistic controlling effects of combined amendment QFJ (hydroxyapatite + zeolite + biochar) on the bioavailability of Cd and As in contaminated paddy soil collected from a mining area in southern Hunan and on the accumulation of Cd and As in the various organs of rice plants. The results showed that application of QFJ could reduce the contents of Cd and As in brown rice. When QFJ applying at a 0.2%, the contents of Cd and As in brown rice were 0.19mg/kg and 0.14mg/kg, respectively, lower than those of 0.49mg/kg and 0.27mg/kg in the control group, and also lower than 0.2mg/kg, meeting the requirements of the GB 2762~2012. Application of QFJ increased soil pH values (ranging 0.19~0.79), soil CEC, and soil OM. Meanwhile, compared with the control, the contents of acid extractable, exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil Cd were decreased by 7.3%~32.5%, 12.6%~39.8% and 40.7%~60.1%, respectively, resulting in a reduction in the bioavailability of soil Cd. However, the contents of exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil As were declined firstly and then increased. The Cd contents in brown rice showed significant positive correlations with the contents of acid extractable, exchangeable and TCLP extractable soil Cd. The same correlation was only found for the As contents in brown rice and the contents of TCLP extractable soil As. These explained that the bioavailability of soil Cd and As could be synergistic controlled at 0.2% of QFJ application, resulting in reducing the accumulation of Cd and As in brown rice simultaneously. In addition, application of QFJ significantly increased Cd contents in the iron plaque outside roots of rice plants, and decreased Cd contents in the other rice organs; meanwhile, As contents were decreased in the rice hulls, and decreased in the other rice organs firstly and then increased. Most Cd and As in rice plants were accumulated in the roots and stem-leaves. The sequence of Cd accumulation in the rice organs was root > stem-leaf > brown rice > hull, and that of As accumulation was stem-leaf > root > brown rice > hull. For the safe production of rice, 0.2%~0.4% of QFJ was supposed to apply to paddy soils dependent on the Cd-As pollution level of the soils.
|
Received: 25 May 2015
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
陈同斌.土壤溶液中的砷及其与水稻生长效应的关系[J]. 生态学报, 1996,16(20):147-153.
|
[2] |
Zheng R L, Cai C, Liang J H, et al. The effects of biochars from rice residue on the formation of iron plaque and the accumulation of Cd, Zn, Pb, As in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings[J]. Chemosphere, 2012,(89):856-862.
|
[3] |
GB 2762-2012 食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量[S].
|
[4] |
周世伟,徐明岗.磷酸盐修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2007,27(7):3043-3050.
|
[5] |
孙 岩,吴启堂,许田芬,等.土壤改良剂联合套种技术修复重金属污染土壤:田间试验[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(8):2049-2056.
|
[6] |
曾 卉,徐 超,周 航,等.几种固化剂组配修复重金属污染土壤[J]. 环境化学, 2012,31(9):1368-1374.
|
[7] |
周 航,周 歆,曾 敏,等.2种组配改良剂对稻田土壤重金属有效性的效果[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(2):437-444.
|
[8] |
王汉卫,王玉军,陈杰华,等.改性纳米碳黑用于重金属污染土壤改良的研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2009,29(4):431-436.
|
[9] |
Uchimiya M, Lima I M, Klasson K T, et al. Immobilization of heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+) by broiler litter-derived biochars in water and soil[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010,58(9):5538-5544.
|
[10] |
王 林,徐应明,梁学峰,等.生物炭和鸡粪对镉低积累油菜吸收镉的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(11):2851-2858.
|
[11] |
李婧菲,方 晰,曾 敏,等.2种含铁材料对水稻土中砷和重金属生物有效性的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2013,27(1):136-140.
|
[12] |
陈京都,刘 萌,顾海燕,等.不同土壤质地条件下麦秸、铅对镉在水稻-土壤系统中迁移的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011,30(7):1295-1299.
|
[13] |
雷 鸣,曾 敏,廖柏寒,等.含磷物质对水稻吸收土壤砷的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2014,35(8):3149-3154.
|
[14] |
鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M]. 北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000:13,24,30,109.
|
[15] |
Tessier A, Campbell P G C, Bisson M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1979,51(7):844-851.
|
[16] |
Rauret G, López-Sánchez J F, Sahuquillo A, et al. Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials[J]. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 1999,1(1):57-61.
|
[17] |
武 斌,廖小勇,陈同斌,等.石灰性土壤砷形态分级方法的比较及其最佳方案[J]. 环境科学学报, 2006,26(9):1467-1473.
|
[18] |
Chang E E, Chang P C, Lu P H, et al. Comparisons of metal leach ability for various wastes by extraction and leaching methods[J]. Chemosphere, 2001,45(1):91-99.
|
[19] |
GB/T 5009 15-2003食品安全国家标准食品中镉的测定[S].
|
[20] |
GB/T 5009 11-2003食品安全国家标准食品中总砷及无机砷的测定[S].
|
[21] |
Liu W J, Zhu Y G, Hu Y, et al. Arsenic sequestration in iron plaque, its accumulation and speciation in mature rice plants (Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2006,40(18):5730-5736.
|
[22] |
朱奇宏,黄道友,刘国胜,等.改良剂对镉污染酸性水稻土的修复效应与机理研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2010,18(7):847-851.
|
[23] |
沈 卫,顾燕芳,刘昌胜,等.羟基磷灰石的表面特性[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 1996,(1):45-52.
|
[24] |
Luo H L, Huang S S, Luo L, et al. Modified granulation of red mud by weak gelling and its application to stabilization of Pb[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012,227/228:265-273.
|
[25] |
孙媛媛.几种调理剂对土壤砷形态及生物有效性的影响研究[D]. 北京:中国农业科学院, 2011.
|
[26] |
陈同斌,刘更另.土壤中砷的吸附和砷对水稻的毒害效应与pH值的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 1993,26(1):63-68.
|
[27] |
Uraguchi S, Mori S, Kuramata M, et al. Root-to-shoot Cd translocation via the xylem is the major process determining shoot and grain cadmium accumulation in rice[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2009,60(9):2677-2688.
|
[28] |
Bhattacharya P, Samal A C, Majumdar J, et al. Accumulation of arsenic and its distribution in rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) in Gangetic West Bengal, India[J]. Paddy and Water Environment, 2010,8(1):63-70.
|
[29] |
Liu J, Ma X, Wang M, et al. Genotypic differences among rice cultivars in lead accumulation and translocation and the relation with grain Pb levels[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2013,90:35-40.
|
[30] |
Zhou H, Zhou X, Zeng M, et al. Effects of combined amendments on heavy metal accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) planted on contaminated paddy soil[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2014,101:226-232.
|
[31] |
王 林,徐应明,梁学峰,等.广西刁江流域Cd和Pb复合污染稻田土壤的钝化修复[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2012,28(5):563-568.
|
[32] |
Verheijen F G A, Jeffery S, Bastos A C, et al. Biochar application to soils-a critical scientific review of effects on soil properties, processes and function[M]. Luxembourg:EUR 24099EN, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, 2010:61-68.
|
[33] |
Streubela J D, Collins H P, Garcia-Perez M, et al. Influence of contrasting biochar types on five soils at increasing rates of application[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2011, 75(4):1402-1413.
|
|
|
|