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Treatment of wastewater containing high concentration nickel ions with precipitation-microfiltration-complexation-ultrafiltration processes |
ZHANG Xue-jun, ZENG Jian-xian, ZHANG Peng, SHEN Shao-hua, YI Liang-gang, TIAN Jun, LI Min |
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China |
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Abstract The wastewater containing high concentration(5562.71mg/L) of nickel ion was first completely precipitated at pH 9, and subsequently treated by a ceramic microfiltration membrane with a pore diameter of 0.5μm. During the concentration process, the membrane flux(J) dropped significantly at the initial stage, then declined slowly, and finally decreased at a rapid rate again. The nickel rejection coefficient(RNi) was found to be approx. 1. When the volume concentration factor(VCF) increased from 1to 10, the nickel concentration in the retentate(Cr) increased from 5562.71 to 55507.76mg/L, whereas the nickel concentration in the permeate(Cp) remained nearly constant at approx. 13.26mg/L. Then, the complexation-ultrafiltration process was studied using the permeation fluid from the microfiltration process as the feed solution. Poly(ethylene imine) was employed as the complexing agent. The effects of the polymer/metal mass ratio(rp/m), pH, temperature and operating pressure on RNi and J were investigated. Further, the process of ultrafiltration concentration was studied. The results showed that RNi increased with increasing rp/m or pH and decreased slightly with temperature, and that the operating pressure exerted no effect on RNi; J increased with temperature or operating pressure. With increasing pH, J increased at first, and then reached a constant value. The effect of rp/m on J was insignificant. The ultrafiltration concentration experiment was carried out at rp/m=7 and pH=9. When VCF increased from 1to 30, J only declined by 9.76%. Cr increased linearly from 13.26to 396.64mg/L, whereas Cp remained roughly unchanged at about 0.04mg/L. Nickel ions were concentrated effectively, and the permeation solution from the ultrafiltration process was discharged directly.
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Received: 01 September 2015
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